Byssus

Seele, /. soul shaft (of a blast furnace) core (as of a rope or cable) bore (of a tube). Seelenruhc,/. tranquillity mental rest. See-iicht, n. marine phosphorescence, -luft, /. sea air. -moos, n. sea moss, carrageen, -pflanze,/. marine plant, sea plant, -rose,/, water lily (esp., Nymphaea). -salz, n. sea salt, -sand, m. sea sand, -schiick, m. sea ooze, -seide,/. sea silk (from algae) byssus silk, -tang, m. seaweed (esp., Fucua), sea tang, -tier, n. marine animal -wasser, n. sea water. 

Resilin and elastin have relatively high extensibility and resilience, but as compared to the collagen and the silks, the proteins sacrifice stiffness (elastic modulus) and strength (see Table 2). Collagen and dragUne sflk are much stiffer materials, but lack the extensibility that is characteristic of the rubber-like proteins. On the other hand, the mussel byssus fibers and the viscid silk have the extensibility of resilin and elastin, but lack the resilience [208]. 

E. Abderhalden. Die Monoaminosduren des Byssus von Pinna nobilis L, Zeit. physiol. Chem., 1908, 55, 236-240. 

Zhao H, Robertson NB, Jewhurst SA, Waite JH. Probing the adhesive footprints of Mytilus californianus byssus. J Biol Chem 2006 281 11090-11096. 

The area of natural adhesives has progressed enormously in recent years, spanning from medical applications, particularly in dentistry, to everyday articles, such as shoes. Byssus, from mytilids, has great strength and elasticity deriving from a polyphenolic proteic stmcture (Waite 1998). Proteins secreted by oyster pearls also form highly strong threads (Yamamoto 1995). 

Linen Fiber (Flax, Byssus). The bast fiber of the flax plant, an annual herb about 2 ft high. 

Szefer, R, S.W. Fowler, K. Ikuta, et al. 2006. A comparative assessment of heavy metal accumulation in soft parts and byssus of mussels from subarctic, temperate, subtropical and tropical marine environments. Environ. Pollut. 139 70-78. 

Tonegawa et al. (2004) created a cationic polylysine with a tetrapeptide end sequence (glycine-tyrosine-glycine-lysine), which is a motif common to the consensus sequences of mussel adhesive proteins. They then cross-linked this with the anionic polysaccharide, gellan, enzymatically. The polyionic complexation between the cationic peptide and the anionic polysaccharide formed a hybrid fiber at the aqueous solution interface that, when cross-linked, mimicked the byssus gel that marine mussels use to adhere to surfaces, despite the presence of water and salt. 

A technique for the histochemical demonstration of polyphenol oxidase and its application to egg-shell formation in helminths and byssus formation in Mytilus. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 95 139-52. 

Best understood of the invertebrate adhesive-mediated attachment mechanisms is that of the common blue mussel, Myiilus edulis, and its close relative, Mytilus californianus L. The mechanism includes the byssus, an acellular proteinaceous organ produced by glands inside the mussel, combined with a delivery system that secretes the byssus efficiently underwater. The protein that is the functional unit of the adhesive mixture was first purified from the gland where it originates and characterized by Waite and Tanzer (i). Called mussel adhesive protein (MAP), it is a high molecular weight (120,000 10,000 MW) basic protein,... 

Szefer, P., Frelek, K., Szefer, K., Lee, C.-B., Kim, B.-S., Warzocha, J., Zdrojewska, I., Ciesielski, T. Distribution and relationships of trace metals in soft tissue, byssus and shells of Mytilus edulis trossulus from the southern Baltic. Environ. Pollut. 120,423-444 (2002)... 

Byssus is the name given to the silky threads produced by some bivalve molluscs. 

The threads are secreted as a liquid by a gland on the animal s foot. The liquid hardens on contact with water. The threads are used to attach the mollusc to a firm surface on the seabed. If the animal wishes to move on, it cuts itself loose by breaking the threads, and reattaches itself elsewhere by growing some more threads. Some molluscs use their byssus as a defence mechanism against predators, which they tie up. 

In zooplankton, cobalt uptake is subject to seasonal variations (Van As etal. 1975). Shellfish accumulate cobalt primarily in the byssus filaments and in the liver (Shimizu et al. 1971). 

T.J. Deming, Mussel byssus and biomolecular materials, Curr. 

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