Butyraldehyde polyvinyl alcohol

Butyraldehyde is used mainly as an intermediate in the production of synthetic resins, rubber vulcanization accelerators, solvents, and plasticizers. It reacts with polyvinyl alcohol to form polyvinyl butyral which is used as an interlayer for safety glass as well as for coating fabrics. Isobutyraldehyde is used as a solvent or plasticizer in the plastics industry, or as a raw material in the synthesis of isobutyl alcohol, methacrylic acid, neopentyl glycol, etc. 

Definition Thermoplastic polymer produced by condensation of polyvinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde Formula Hj (CsH,402) ... 

Polyvinyl butyral derived from polyvinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde can be added to epoxy and phenolic resins to improve impact resistance and peel strength. 

Butyraldehyde byu-t9- ral-do- hld [ISV] (ca. 1885) (butaldehyde, n-butanal, n-butyl aldehyde, butyric aldehyde) n. An aldehyde sometimes used in place of formaldehyde in the production of resins. Butyraldehyde reacts with polyvinyl alcohol to form polyvinyl butyral. It is used in the... 

Polyvinyl butyral resins n. A member of the polyvinyl acetal family. Resins formed by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde. It is a rough, sticky, colorless, flexible solid, used primarily as the interlayer in automotive safety glass. Other applications include adhesive formulations, base resin for coatings, solutions for rendering fabrics resistant to water, staining, and abrasion. 

Polyvinyl formal is made by the condensation of formaldehyde in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol. Polyvinyl butyral is a thermoplastic material derived from a polyvinyl ester in which some or aU of the acid groups, have been replaced by hydroxyl groups, and some or aU of these hydroxyl groups are replaced by butyral groups by reaction with butyraldehyde. It is a colorless, flexible, tough solid. 

The PVB layer is generally prepared by treating polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde. 

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH or PVA) fiber is a water-soluble fiber when it is reacted with butyraldehyde and formaldehyde. Polyvinyl acetyls can be obtained, which is called artificial cotton. PVA has a melting point of 230°C and 180—190°C for the fuUy... 

While polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), obtained from the hy(frolysis of polyvinyl acetate (PVAC), is insoluble in organic solvents, the acetal produced from the eondensation of butyraldehyde and PVAL is soluble and used as a base for wash primers or metal conditioners. 

Phthalic anhydride s main use is for producing plasticizers by reactions with C4-C10 alcohols. The most important polyvinyl chloride plasticizer is formed by the reaction of 2-ethylhexanol (produced via butyraldehyde. Chapter 8) and phthalic anhydride ... 

Ethyl alcohol has been made by the hydration of ethylene (9) since 1930. Like isopropyl alcohol, part of the output is used as a solvent, but most is converted to other oxygenated chemicals. Its most important raw material use is conversion to acetaldehyde by catalytic air oxidation. Acetaldehyde, in turn, is the raw material source of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, pentaerythritol, synthetic n-butyl alcohol (via aldol condensation), butyraldehyde, and other products. Butyraldehyde is the source of butyric acid, polyvinyl butyral resin, and 2-ethylhexanol (octyl alcohol). The last-named eight-carbon alcohol is based on the aldol condensation of butyraldehyde and is used to make the important plasticizer di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. A few examples of the important reactions of acetaldehyde are as follows ... 

Another oxo plant, now being constructed, will make butyl compounds (88). These may be the source of butyl alcohol, butyl acetate, butyric acid for the manufacture of cellulose acetate butyrate and other products, butyraldehyde for polyvinyl butyral, and the eight-carbon compounds including 2-ethylhexanol. All these will add to the present production of the same compounds made by the older methods from acetaldehyde via aldol condensation. 

In the second major use of VAM, PVA is converted to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) by a transesterification reaction with methanol, giving methyl acetate as coproduct. PVOH finds its major end use in textile sizing and adhesives. Further reaction of PVOH with butyraldehyde or formaldehyde gives polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyvinyl formal, which together constitute the third largest consumption of VAM. PVB is used almost exclusively in the adhesive laminating inner layer in safety glass. 

Butanal is used in the manufacture of rubber accelerators, synthetic resins, solvents, and plasticizers. -Butyraldehyde is used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of plasticizers, alcohols, solvents, and polymers (such as 2-ethylhexanol, -butanol, trim-ethylolpropane, -butyric acid, polyvinyl butyral, methyl amyl ketone). It is also used as an intermediate to make pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, antioxidants, rubber accelerators, textile auxiliaries, perfumery, and flavors. It has no therapeutic use at the present time. 

Plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride are predominantly the C7-C13 primary alkyl diesters of phthalic acid diesters of aliphatic diacids are also used as plasticizers and in synthetic lubricants. 2-Ethylhexanol, via n-butyraldehyde, was the first alcohol used now, many others, produced by the hydroformyla-tion of C6-C12 olefins, have entered the scene. 

Commercial polyvinyl butyrate is manufactured by reacting polyvinylacetate in alcohol to form a PVOH. An acid catalyst and butyraldehyde are then added to the PVOH to form polyvinyl butyrate, a free-flowing powder. The resulting hydroxyl concentration (expressed as a percent of PVOH) ranges from 17 to 22%. 

---