Butyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid

Aceto. See 3,5-Di-t-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid o-Acetoacetanisidide, 2-((4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl) azo)-. See Pigment yellow 73 Acetoacetic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl acetoacetate... 

Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid. See 3,5-Di-t-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid... 

Di-t-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid 1,5-Dioxaspiro [5.5] undecane 3,3-dicarboxylic acid, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) ester 4-Dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone 2-(2 -Hydroxy-3,5 -di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole Phenyl salicylate UV absorber, PET... 

Fig. 4 Van t Hoff plots (left) and Hildebrand plots (right) representing the influence of temperature (absolute) on the aqueous mole fraction solubility of adipic acid (AD), acetaminophen (AM), methylp-hydroxybenzoate (MP), ethylp-hydroxybenzoate (EP), propyl p-hydroxybenzoate (PP), and butyl p-hydroxybenzoate (BP). The data represented by O were taken from Ref. 24, while the data represented by x were obtained from Ref. 23. (Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner, Elsevier Science Publishing Co.)...

Synonyms 4-Hydtoxybenzoic acid, propyl Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate 4- Thiaben 2-(thiazol-4-yl) (l,l -Biphenyl)-2-ol 2-hydroxy-... 

A paired-ion, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of sweeteners (dulcin, saccharin-Na, and acesulfame-K), preservatives (sodium dehydroacetate, SA, salicyclic acid, BA, succinic acid, methyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-propyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-butyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, and isobutyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid), and antioxidants (3-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and tertiary-butyl-hydroquinone). A mobile phase of acetonitrile-50 ml aqueous tr-hydroxyisobutyric acid solution (pH 4.5) (2.2 3.4 or 2.4 3.6, v/v) containing 2.5 mM hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and a Clg column with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection at 233 nm were used. This method was found to be very reproducible detection limits ranged from 0.15 to 3.00 p,g. The retention factor (k) of each additive could be affected by the concentrations of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and a-hydroxyisobu-tyric acid and the pH and ratio of mobile phase. The presence of additives in dried roast beef and sugared fruit was determined. The method is suitable for routine analysis of additives in food samples (81). 

Higuchi, T. Zuck, D.A. Investigation of some complexes formed in solution. III. Interactions between caffeine and aspirin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, salicylate ion, and butyl paraben. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. (Wash). 1953, 42, 138-145. 

Parabens [Napp]. TM for the methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. Approved by FDA as GRAS. 

In the ICDRG standard series, the parabens are tested as a mixture of 3% of methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl- and benzyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid, a total of 15% in petrolatum which may be irritating and enhance the occurrence of multiple false positive patch tests (angry back) (Mitchell 1977). 

Synonyms Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate n-Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate n-Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate Butyl parasept 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester p-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester Parasept Definition Ester of butyl alcohol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid Empirical C11H14O3... 

Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester p-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl paraben... 

CAS 36457-20-2 EINECS/ELINCS 253-049-7 Synonyms Butylparaben, sodium salt p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester, sodium salt Sodium butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate Sodium n-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate Sodium butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate... 

Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-hexadecyl ester antioxidant, mastic adhesives Phenol, styrenated antioxidant, meat Citric acid monohydrate antioxidant, mech./molded rubber goods Phenol, styrenated antioxidant, mercaptans N,N -Di (n-octyl)-p-phenylenediamine antioxidant, metal-catalyzed breakdown Disodium EDTA antioxidant, metals Hydrogen... 

Triisooctyl phosphite antioxidant, polyesters Bis [3,3-bis (4-hydroxy-3-t-butylphenyl) butanoic acid], glycol 1,2-Bis (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyl) hydrazine Bis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite 4,4 -Bis (a,a-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine t-Butyl hydroquinone 4,4 -Butylidenebis (6-t-butyl-m-cresol) p-Cresol/dicyclopentadiene butylated reaction product 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-s-butylphenol 3,5-Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-hexadecyl ester Distearyl pentaerythrityl diphosphite Drometrizole Hexamethylenebis (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamate) Hydroquinone 4,4 -Methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol) 2,2 -Oxamidobis [ethyl 3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]... 

Di-t-butyl-N,N-dimethvlamino-p-cresol 3,5-Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-hexadecyl ester 3,5-Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine-... 

Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-hexadecyl ester Drometrizole N-(p-Ethoxycarbonylphenyl)-N -ethyl-N -phenylformamidine 2-Hydroxy-4-acryloyloxyethoxy benzophenone 2-(2 -Hydroxy-3,5 -di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole Methacrylic acid copolymer 2,2 -Thiobls (4-t-octylphenolato)-n-butylamine nickel... 

A gas chromatographic method may be employed for analysis for both benzoic acid and sorbic acid in food, as described in AOAC method 983.16. The acids are extracted from an acidified aqueous homogenized food sample into ether. The acids are then extracted from the ether solution into aqueous alkali, and after acidification they are re-extracted into dichloromethane. Treatment of the residue with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide converts the benzoic and sorbic acids into trimethylsilyl esters. These esters are then analyzed with a glass column packed with a support coated with OV-1, in a temperature programmed analysis. Phenylacetic and caproic acids are used as internal standards for benzoic and sorbic acids, respectively. An LC method has also been described for analysis of benzoic acid with simultaneous determination of sorbic acid, and methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl p-hydroxybenzoates. The preservatives were extracted from meat or seasonings with 70% ethanol, and analyzed by reversed-phase LC using a Cig stationary phase with a linear gradient from 10 to 70% methanol in 1.5% aqueous ammonium acetate and 1.5% aqueous acetic acid. 

The Kolbe-Schmitt reaction of potassium phenoxide with CO2 at 200 °C gives an 80% yield of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which is used in the form of the propyl and butyl esters as a preservative in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. 

Synonyms butyl p-hydroxybenzoate -butyl-paraben n-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate Butoben Butyl Cnemosept Butyl Parasept 4-hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester Tegosept B p-hydroxybenzoic acid w-butyl ester 4-(butoxycarbo-nyl)phenol aseptoform butyl Butyl Tegosept Nipabutyl Solbrol B Preserval B SPF Tegosept Butyl Butyl Butex p-hydroxybutyl benzoate hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester... 

Applications. In many countries the methyl, ethyl and n-propyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, as well as their sodium salts, are permitted for preservation of some foods. The maximum permissible quantity is around 0.1%. In the USA methyl- and propyl-paraben are considered GRAS. The maximum permissible quantity is 0.1%. Their main field of use is not food preservation but the preservation of pharmaceutical and cosmetic fat emulsions. The usage of the butyl ester is not allowed in food applications. 

In comparison with the lower p-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters the butyl ester is far and away the most effective one and presents an equalized spectrum of effectiveness (see Table 81). However, the application of the butyl ester as a preservative in cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceuticals is, in spite of its high activity, limited because of its low water solubility and high log POW. But combinations of p-hydroxy-benzoic acid butyl ester with the lower alkyl esters perform excellently. 

The alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHB parabens) are quite stable. Their solubility in water decreases with increasing alkyl chain length (methyl butyl). The esters are mostly soluble in 5% NaOH. 

Annex III lays down the conditions of use for permitted preservatives and antioxidants, with lists of foods and maximum levels in each case. Part A lists the sorbates, benzoates and p-hydroxybenzoates, E 200-E 219 part B lists sulphur dioxide and the sulphites, E 220-E 228 part C lists other preservatives with their uses, including nisin, dimethyl dicarbonate and substances allowed for surface treatment of certain fruits, E 249 potassium nitrite, E 250 sodium nitrite, E 251 sodium nitrate and E 252 potassium nitrate, E 280-E 283 propionic acid and the propionates part D lists the antioxidants E 320 butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), E 321 butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), E 310 propyl gallate, E 311 octyl gallate, E 312 dodecyl gallate, E 315 eiythorbic acid and E 316 sodium erythorbate. 

Scheiffer, G. W., Palermo, P. J., and Pollard-Walker, S. (1984), Simultaneous determination of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl 4-hydroxybenzoates and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in liquid antacid formulations by gas chromatography, J. Pharm. Sci., 73,128. 

Buffers can also be provided in parenteral formulations to ensure the required pH needed for solubility and/or stability considerations. Other excipients included in parenteral products are preservatives (e.g., benzyl alcohol, p-hydroxybenzoate esters, and phenol), antioxidants (e.g., ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, cysteine, and butyl hydroxy anisole), surfactants (e.g., polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate), and emulsifying agents (e.g., polysorbates). An inert gas (such as nitrogen) can also be used to enhance drug stability. Stability and solubility can also be enhanced by the addition of complexation and chelating agents such as the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salts. For a more detailed list of approved excipients in parenteral products, the reader should consult the monographs within the USP. 

Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester Lexgard B Nipabutyl Tegosept B Trisept B Uniphen P-23-, Unisept B. 

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