Butyl indium

Bis[(/[i -tert-butylperox-0,0)(di-lert-butyl)indium(III)] (41) (KECYOG)... 

The reaction between tertiary butyl indium and PHs, yielding InP fibers, is catalyzed by liquid indium metal particles, which are produced in-situ as a partial decomposition product of t-butyl indium. Since indium particles were found in the tips of InP fibers, it seems that liquid indium droplets perform the same function in this SLS process as liquid gold or other molten metal droplets in a VLS process. 

Quadratic hyperpolarisability DCJTB 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6 (l,l,7,7-tetrametbyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran Disperse red 1 HOMO-LUMO gap Electroluminescence Indium-tin-oxide Nonlinear optic... 

Regio- and Stereoselectivity. For the allylation of carbonyl compounds mediated by indium and other compounds in aqueous media, usually the carbon-carbon bond forms at the more substituted carbon of the allyl halide, irrespective of the position of halogen in the starting material. However, the carbon-carbon bond forms at the less-substituted carbon when the y-substituents of allyl halides are large enough (e.g., trimethylsilyl or tert-butyl) as shown by Chan et al.139 (Scheme 8.10). The following conclusions can be drawn ... 

According to the data reported in Ref. 226, the reaction of indium(III) halides (X = Cl, Br, I) with 2mol of Na+TBSQ (TBSQ = 3,5-di-t-butyl-o-benzosemiquino-late anion) yields (5.38) solutions of diradicals InX(TBSQ)2 ... 

Rare-earth bisphthalocyaninates, especially LuPc2, are one of the important objects of intense investigation because of their electrochemical (electrochromic effect), electrical, and optical properties. The ball-type four t-butyl-calix[4]arene bridged double decker lutetium(III) and indium(III) Pcs have also been prepared, Fig. 3 [42],... 

Novel ball-type four f-butyl-calix[4]arene bridged double deckers lutetium(III) phthalocyanine [LuPc2(tbca)4] 10 and indium(III) phthalocyanine [InPc2(tbca)4] 11 were prepared by the reaction of l,3-bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)-4-fe/t-butylcalix arene 9 and the corresponding metal salts (Lu(OAc)3 3H20 and InCl3) in the presence of lithium metal in 1-pentanol under N2 in a sealed tube for 15h, Fig. 3. Yields of 10 and 11 were 18 and 55%, respectively. 

Indium-mediated Barbier-type coupling between carbonyl compounds and allyl halides has been revealed to proceed effectively in diverse reaction media. Even under solvent-free conditions, allylation works well, although no reaction is observed with benzyl bromide and a-halo carbonyl compounds.59 Various aldehydes react with allyl bromide mediated by indium in liquid carbon dioxide to give homoallylic alcohols (Scheme 1). In contrast to the corresponding neat allylation, the liquid C02-mediated reaction can allylate solid aldehydes successfully.60 Indium-mediated allylations of carbonyl compounds with allyl bromide proceed in room temperature ionic liquids. In [bmim][BF4] and [bmim][PF6] (bmin l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium), the desired homoallylic alcohols are formed with good levels of conversion.61 Homoallyllic alcohols are also prepared by the reaction of resin-bound aldehydes (Equation (l)).62... 

Co-condensation of indium vapor and tert-butyl-phosphaethyne at 77 K yields the volatile ln(l) complexes [In(jj -P3C2Bu2)] and 1,3-diphosphacyclopentadienyl complex [In(j7 -P2C3Bu3)]. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies for [In(jj -P3C2Bu9] reveals a discrete molecular stmcture, involving half-sandwich coordination of the... 

Phthalocyanine derivatives of indium(III) have attracted even more interest.Some indium phthalocyanine adducts show interesting nonlinear optical properties.For example, tert-butyl-substituted chloro(phthalocyaninato)indium(III) (t-Bu)4PcInCl (24) is one of the best substances for optical-limiting applications. " Optical limiters limit the intensity of transmitted light once the input intensity exceeds a threshold value. This ability is useful for the protection of sensitive objects, such as human eyes or light sensors from high-intensity light beams. 

Synthesis of indium phthalocyanine complexes usually involves the assembly of a ring system in the presence of an indium source. For example, (t-Bu)4PcInCl(chloro(tetra-(tert-butyl)phthalo-cyaninato)indium(III)) or (w-CsHi i)8PcInCl(chloro(octa-( -pentyl)phthalocyaninato)indium(III))... 

When indium metal is treated with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-l,2-benzoquinone (TBQ) in a 1 3 mole ratio, a paramagnetic, green solid In(TBSQ)(TBQ)2 (where TBSQ = 3,5-di-tert-butyl-l,2-benzo-semiquinonate) forms. The same product may be obtained from Inl3 and three equivalents of NaTBSQ." The ESR results confirm that the indium atom in this product is in the -fl state (and also confirm the presence of the semiquinone moiety). The paramagnetic indium(I) compound In(TBSQ) has also been reported. It can be stabilized by coordination to 1,10-phenanthroline. ... 

Methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl halides are reduced at lead and tin cathodes to produce, respectively, the corresponding tetraalkyllead and tetraalkyltin compounds in excellent yield. Bismuth, gallium, indium, and thallium can be employed to prepare a variety of organometallic compounds. Feoktistov [2] and Hawley [4] have summarized many of these electrosyntheses. 

A number of other organic reagents have also been recommended for determination of indium, including l-(2-pyridylmethylidenamine)-3-(salicylidenamine)thiourea (e = 6.2-10 ) [61], Alizarin S (e = 2.8-10, extraction with n-butyl acetate in the presence of diphenylguanidine) [62,63], HTTA [64], and haematoxylin in the presence of CTA (e =... 

The other immobilization methods include carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles. PolyCglycidyl methacrylate)-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were covalently attached to A-butyl imidazolium bromide. An indium tin oxide (ETO) electrode coated with such MWNT-IL successfully immobilized tyrosinase and showed sensing response toward phenol at the range of 0.01-0.08 mM at ambient pH and temperature [60]. Similarly, glassy carbon (GC) electrode was coated with... 

Hard Lewis acid chloroaluminate ionic liquids show intense catalytic activity in the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction however, they suffer from the same issues as anhydrous aluminum chloride. i Of particular interest to these reactions, aluminum chloride may be replaced by indium trichloride to form chloroindate(III) ionic liquids. The advantage of using indium trichloride compared with aluminum chloride is represented by its hydrolytic stability and reduced oxophilicity. Chloroindate(III) ionic liquids are synthesized by mixing l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C4mim]Cl with anhydrous indium trichloride at 80°C. In the benzoyla-tion of anisole with benzoic anhydride (BAN) at 80°C, the best yield of... 

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