BUTYL ACRYLATE TERPOLYMER

The composition and microstracture of polymers in a latex system were studied by pyrolysis gas chromatography. The composition and microstructure of a polymer in the emulsion phase were identified by direct pyrolysis of the latex system, followed by comparing the trimer peak pattern with appropriate microstructure standards. The polymer in the aqueous phase was pre-pyrolysis derivatised with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide to convert the acid to its butyl ester. Similar procedures were then used to explore the composition and microstructure of the polymer in the aqueous phase. Polymers analysed included SCX-2660 (probably a styrene-methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate terpolymer), styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer and styrene-alpha-methylstyrene-butyl acrylate terpolymer. 17 refs. 

Numerous recipes have been pubUshed, primarily ia the patent Hterature, that describe the preparation of acrylate and methacrylate homopolymer and copolymer dispersions (107,108). A typical process for the preparation of a 50% methyl methacrylate, 49% butyl acrylate, and 1% methacrylic acid terpolymer as an approximately 45% dispersion ia water begias with the foUowiag charges ... 

E-BA-GMA (63 31 6) (ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer) Elvaloy PTW DuPont... 

Figure 14.9 Effect of various impact modifiers (25wt%) on the notched Izod impact strength of recycled PET (as moulded and annealed at 150°C for 16 h) E-GMA, glycidyl-methacrylate-functionalized ethylene copolymer E-EA-GMA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (72/20/8) terpolymer E-EA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate EPR, ethylene propylene rubber MA-GPR, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene rubber MBS, poly(methyl methacrylate)-g-poly(butadiene/styrene) BuA-C/S, poly(butyl acrylate-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) core/shell rubber. Data taken from Akkapeddi etal. [26]...

Preparation of a Styrene/Butyl Acrylate/Methacrylic Acid Terpolymer Dispersion (Influence of Emulsifier)... 

Table 1 shows an example of the partial operating instructions and log for the preparation of a terpolymer of vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate, and vinyl neodecanoate. The details of these instructions will, of course, have to be individualized for specific situations. 

Copolymers of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate and terpolymers of acrylonitrile, styrene, and methyl methacrylate are used as bamer polymers. Acrylonitrile copolymers and multipolymers containing butyl acrylate, ethyl aciylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl methaciylate. vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers, and vinylidene chlonde are also used in bamer films, laminates, and coatings. Environmentally degradable polymers useful in packaging are prepared from polymerization of acrylonitrile with styrene and methyl vinyl ketone. 

When evaluated by LOI, the system with zeolites has higher LOI than that without it. For example, compared with PP-APP-PER, which has an LOI of 30%, the LOI of PP-APP-PER system with zeolite 13X increases to 45%, an increase of 50%. Also the LOI of LRAM3.5 (ethylene-butyl acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymer)-APP-PER system with 4A increases to 39%, relative to 29% for LRAM3.5-APP-PER system. All systems with zeolites obtained the UL-94V-0 grade. 

Block terpolymers consisting of butyl acrylate with either methylmethacrylate or methyl acrylate have been prepared where the end segments are at least 10,000 daltons and the center segment is at least 60,000 daltons. These materials were coated onto a polycarbonate surface and used to prepare an optical film and an optically clear pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that resists bubble formation when adhered to an outgassing substrate. 

Linear and star diblock polymers consisting of methyl and n-butyl acrylates were prepared by Paul [5] and used as high performance, low viscosity hot-melt adhesives. A single star block terpolymer containing 2-ethyIhexyl acrylate was also prepared. 

Mercapto-terminated block copolymers and block terpolymers prepared by Tsuji [4] such as poly(acrylonitrile-b-butyl acrylate) and poly(acrylonitrile-b-butyl acrylate-b-ethyl acrylate), respectively, used the RAFT chain transfer agent cumyl dithiobenzoate. The block copolymer had a M of48,600 daltons. 

In contrast to the claims of the literature, vinyl ferrocene (available commercially) was found to be a very reactive monomer in the terpolymer system butyl acrylate/styrene/methacryllc acid. It was further found, again in contrast to the claims in the literature, that vinyl ferrocene could be emulsion polymerized via organic peroxide Redox catalysis. 

Examples of acid modified polyolefins are the copolymers of ethylene with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Variations include the partially neutralised acid copolymers with metal ions (ionomers) or terpolymers of ethylene, an acid and an acrylate such as methyl acrylate or isobutyl acrylate. Acid-containing extrudable adhesives are widely used to bond to aluminium foil. Examples of anhydride-modified polyolefins include terpolymers of ethylene, maleic anhydride and acrylates such as ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate and the anhydride-grafted polyolefins. Some typical applications and stmctures of a variety of multilayer materials with extruded polymer tie-layer adhesives, as described in Du-Pont trade literature, are detailed in Table 16.2. 

Polymers are used frequently in paints and varnishes. These materials are usually filled with opaque materials and are difficult to separate or analyze by other procedures. Pyrolysis can be used to identify the nature of the paint, to measure quantitatively residual monomers, for quality control, and to examine additives [5, 13, 14]. Paints may contain a variety of polymers and copolymers such as vinyl derivatives, polyurethanes, phthalate polyesters, etc. Varnishes may contain various copolymers, siloxanes, etc. and can have a complex composition. This composition can be successfully analyzed using analytical pyrolysis. For example, the composition of a coating material consisting of the terpolymer poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate-co-ethyl methacrylate) crosslinked with butoxy melamine resin has been analyzed with excellent results based on various monomer ratios resulting from pyrolysis at 590° C [15]. 

In ASA terpolymer acrylic acid brings more flexibility and the material has very good mechanical properties and weather resistance. For these reasons ASA is extensively used in automotive industry and in the fabrication of various appliances. Even more frequently than acrylic acid itself, various acrylates are used in copolymers. Among these can be mentioned the copolymers of acrylic acid esters with methacrylic acid esters such as poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate), poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate), poly(alkyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylates), and poly(alkyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylates) where alkyl can be methyl, ethyl, butyl, etc. Some literature information regarding thermal decomposition of copolymers including acrylic acid and acrylic acid esters is given in Table 6.7.8 [6],... 

Pentachlorophenyl acrylate, (1), was terpolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n-butyl acrylate (nBA) (Scheme III) to give a latex containing 537 solids and a pll of 4.7 which was adjusted to 6.8 by adding aqueous NaOH. The latex was stable up to pH =10. A small aliquot vzas coagulated and the resulting polymer purified. Its intrinsic viscosity was 3.1 /g and analysis indicated 2 mole percent (1), 587 CIA and 40" nBA. Similar terpolyner latices were prepared from acrylates (2) and (3) (Scheme III). Another terpolymer latex made from (3), vinyl acetate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate contained 547 solids. Tliese latices and their compositions are summarized in the Table 1 and a sample experimental procedure is given in the experimental section. 

In addition to the list, maleated polymers as coupling agents are produced by Arkema as Lotader series. They are not made by reactive extrusion. These compounds are terpolymers of ethylene, maleic anhydride and methyl, ethyl, or butyl acrylates. Acrylates make the compound rubbery and, therefore, reportedly decrease flexural modulus. 

In a typical formulation, an ethylene-n-butyl-acrylate-carbon monoxide (60/30/10) terpolymer (60 wt%) is melt compounded with plasticized PVC (40 wt%) in a twin-screw extruder and the ethylene terpolymer dispersion cured in situ during the mixing by catalytic amounts of a suitable peroxide (0.3%) and a bismaleimide crosslink promoter (0.2%). The extruded pellets of the elastomeric blend can be used in conventional melt fabrication processes such as profile extrusion, extrusion coating, milling and calendering of sheets, injection and/or compression molding. 

Acrylic terpolymer of methyl methacrylate.f-butyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid (XXXII) developed by the IBM team and used for early ArF exposure tool testing purposes. 

In an examination of the shear behaviour of latexes in which the particles were carboxylated terpolymers of styrene, butyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate Husband and Adams [94] found that shear coagulation was sensitive to pH. Their results are illustrated in Figure 3.29. Both the latexes used swelled with increase of pH... 

Another method is to improve the impact strength by using terpoly-mers composed from ethylene, ethyl acrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate and terpolymers composed from ethylene, butyl acrylate, and maleic an-... 

Patlazhan et al. [11] studied the shear-induced fractal morphology of immiscible reactive polymer blends. The example of grafting and cross-linking multilayer systems of statistic terpolymer of ethylene, butyl acrylate, and maleic anhydride (MAH) and statistic copolymers (CPA) including... 

Li, S. C., Lu, L. N., and Zeng, W. 2009. Thermostimulative shape-memory effect of reactive compatibilized high-density polyethylene/poly(ethylene terephthal-ate) blends by an ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 112 3341-3346. 

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