Building materials deposition

Immediately after building material deposition, the newly deposited layer is briefly exposed to UV radiation from a flood... 

Contaminant concentrations Dispersal of airborne contaminants such as odors, fumes, smoke, VOCs, etc. transported by these airflows and transformed by a variety of processes including chemical and radiochemical transformation, adsorption, desorption to building materials, filtration, and deposition to surfaces evolution of contaminant concentrations in the individual zones air quality checks in terms of CO2 levels cross-contamination evaluation of zones air quality evaluations in relation to perception as well as health. Methods ate also applicable to smoke control design. 

In COMIS, source or sink strength can be defined as time dependent but not dependent on actual concentrations or temperatures. COMTAM96 includes more sophisticated models such as chemical reactions, adsorption and desorption to building materials, filtration, and deposition to surfaces. 

Acid deposition and the associated particulate nitrates and sulfates are implicated in the deterioration of certain sensitive ecosystems, decreased visibility, negative human health effects, and increased degradation of certain stone building materials and cultural resources, especially those made of limestone and marble. Fine particulate nitrate and sulfate particles... 

The practice of corrosion inhibition requires that the inhibitive species should have easy access to the metal surface. Surfaces should therefore be clean and not contaminated by oil, grease, corrosion products, water hardness scales, etc. Furthermore, care should be taken to avoid the presence of deposited solid particles, e.g. stones, swarf, building materials, etc. This ideal state of affairs is often difficult to achieve but there are many cases where less than adequate consideration has been given to the preparation of systems to receive inhibitive treatment. Acid treatments, notably with 3-5% citric acid, with or without associated detergent washes, are often recommended and adopted for cleaning systems prior to inhibition. However, it is not always appreciated that these treatments will not remove particulate material particularly when, as is often the case, the material is insoluble in acids. 

Some of the most dramatic environmental effects of acid deposition have involved buildings, statues, monuments, and other structures made of metal and stone. The explanation of this kind of damage is obvious Acids in acid deposition react with metals and with many of the compounds of which rock and other building material are made. For example, corrosion occurs when metals such as iron are exposed to hydrogen ions in the presence of oxygen ... 

The abundance of limestone deposits throughout the world has resulted in the use of calcium carbonate as a primary building material since antiquity. The ancient pyramids and the Sphinx in Egypt were made almost exclusively with limestone 5,000 years ago. Most limestone is used today as construction material. One estimate is that the United States used a billion tons of crushed limestone for roads, dams, fill, buildings, and various other construction uses in 2005. 

Resistance of various building materials to ozone deposition. Environmental Technology, 11, 973-8. 

SFF technologies may be characterized by the specific process used to deposit material layers, namely the Recoating process, by the building materials used to build the 3D object itself and by the material and method used to support the object during the SFF building process ... 

Our results show that in the event that solutions seeping through coquina blocks at Castillo are sufficiently isolated from the atmosphere, calcium carbonate dissolved at the surface can be re-deposited in the interior of the building material when the pH exceeds 8.3. 

Horst, R. L. Manuel, E. H. Bentley, J. T. "Economic Benefits of Reduced Acidic Deposition on Common Building Materials Methods Assessment" Mathtech Inc., Report prepared for Office of Policy Analysis, U.S. Ervironmental Protection Agency, 1984. 

Weber, S. Lippiatt B. Wiener, M. "A Life-Cycle Cost Data Base for Assessing Acid Deposition Damage to Common Building Materials" National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce, 1985. 

Flinn, D. R. Cramer, S. D. Carter, J. P. Spence, J. W. "Field Exposure Study for Determining the Effects of Acid Deposition on the Corrosion and Deterioration of Materials Description of Program and Preliminary Results." Durability of Building Materials pp. 147-175, 1985. 

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