Bomb, Ordnance

Baer, Investigation of Storage-Related Exudation of the Minol II-LoadedMl 17 General Purpose Bomb Series , PATR 4020. (Dec 1969) 33) S. Slemrod, Minol 2 for Bombs , Ordnance, LV 302, 184-85 (Sept-Oct 1970) 34) J. 

Bomb. (Ordnance.) A spherical hollow shot, tired from a mortar or kovritzer, and filled with explosive material which is lighted by a time or per-ettssiou /use. 

The heat peUet used for activation in these batteries is usually a mixture of a reactive metal such as iron or zirconium [7440-67-7] and an oxidant such as potassium perchlorate [7778-74-7]. An electrical or mechanical signal ignites a primer which then ignites the heat peUet which melts the electrolyte. Sufficient heat is given off by the high current to sustain the necessary temperature during the lifetime of the appHcation. Many millions of these batteries have been manufactured for military ordnance as they have been employed in rockets, bombs, missiles, etc. 

In 1939 Einstein wrote to Roosevelt to draw his attention to possible military use of atomic energy. His influence on these later developments was marginal, however. In 1943 he became consultant to the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ordnance but was never involved in atomic bomb work. In 1944 a copy of his 1905 paper on special relativity, handwritten by him for this purpose, was auctioned for six million dollars as a contribution to the war effort. (It is now in the Library of Congress.)... 

Uses. Minols have historically been used in four types of ordnance, a) underwater (mines, torpedoes and depth charges) where the confinement of water offsets some of the loss of detonation velocity, b) blockbuster bombs in which a sustained and powerful impulse is more destructive than a high peak press, c) concrete fragmentation bombs where the high impulse will impart a satisfactory fragment velocity but will not pulverize the concrete they contact on impact, and d) in general purpose (GP) bombs... 

Unexploded ordnance, usually referring to items such as bombs or artillery shells that failed to explode when employed, but also referring to items containing explosives that were abandoned or misplaced. 

Unmanned underwater vehicle Underwater unexploded ordnance Ultraviolet Unexploded bomb(s)... 

Inert fuzes are provided for training ground crews in assembling handling of bombs, and also for classroom instruction of ordnance personnel. These fuzes are standard items, except that explosive components (primers, detonators, delay relay elements and boosters) are removed (Ref 51a, p 4-107)... 

Japanese Fuzes are divided into Bomb Fuzes and Projectile Fuzes which, in turn, are subdivided into Army and Navy Fuzes A. Bomb Fuzes are described in OPNAV 30-3M (1945), listed here as Ref 1, pp 80—88 (Army Bomb Fuzes) and pp 110—21 (Navy Bomb Fuzes). More complete description is given in TM 9-1985-4 (1953), listed here as Ref 3, pp 123—54 (Army Bomb Fuzes) and pp 155—87 (Navy Bomb Fuzes) Individual fuzes of each service are generally interchangeable for use in bombs of that service, but not interchangeable for use in ordnance of the other service... 

Nigotanyaku expls were used in many types of Army Ordnance (Ref 1, p 27). Accdg to Ref 5, p 368, they were used in Bombs, Shells, Land Mines and Bangalore Torpedoes. The 53/47—TNT/RDX version was used in Demolition Charges... 

It was used as press-loaded chges for Depth Bombs or other Underwater Ordnance (Ref 1, p 32 Ref 5, p 374)... 

Anon, Japanese Explosive Ordnance (Bombs, Bomb Fuzes, Land Mines, Grenades, Firing Devices and Sabotage Devices) Dept of the Army and the Air Force, TM 9-1985-4 and TO 39B-1A-11, March 1953... 

A head of liq expl held in a hollow former provides a flow of expl to compensate for any contraction as solidification occurs) cc) J.G. Holmes, Ordn 42, 193—4 (1957) (Application of single-pour controlled cooling to filling bombs and other expl ordnance) dd) S.D. Stein M.J. Margolin, Proposed Shell Loading Standards Based on a Statistical Study of Setback Sensitivities , PATR 2563 (1958)... 

See Vol 4, this Encycl, pp D940-R D941-L). The Rockeye is a new cluster bomb which can contain either anti-personnel or antitank bomblets. The Fireye is a new incendiary bomb and the Sadeye is another cluster bomb designed to be air-launched. It contains a large number of bomblets. The Weteye is a new chemical bomb of the non-lethal variety designed to replace the Navy MK 94 Ref R.L. Johnston, "Air Armament , Ordnance 61, 121(1966)... 

Fire Aboard USS Forrestal in 1967, during which the bombs started to explode 90 seconds after the fire began, thus killing the first wave of fire-fighters, brought to prominence the necessity of increasing the "cook-off period in bombs to at least 5 minutes. This task was achieved at the US Naval Ordnance Laboratory, White Oak, Md, 20910 by die method briefly described in Expls Pyrots 3(3)(1970). See also Fire Resistant Coatings for Bombs in this Vol... 

Refs 1) Anon, War Dept Tech Manual TM E9-1983 (1942), Enemy Bombs and Fuzes, File Numhers 2321.5, 2321.8, 2324.92 2324.93 (2) Anon, Ordnance Bomb Disposal Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md (No date) German Artillery Projectiles and Fuzes p 422 (3) Anon, Dept of the Army Tech Manual TM 9—1985—2 (1953), German Bombs, Fuzcs Rockets, etc, pp 125-132 and others 4) Anon, Dept of the Army Tech.Manual TM9—1985—3(1953), German Projectiles and Fuzes, pp 605—7 and 623 5) Fedoroff et al PATR 2510, pp Ger... 

EODT (US Army). Abbrn for Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams , formerly known as BDS-Bomb Disposal Squads... 

Destruction of Amatols. Scrap amatols or amatol-loaded small bombs or projectiles, may be destroyed by burning in beds not more than 3" thick, as described in Ref 19a. p 316 or in the US Ordnance Safety Manual ORDM 7-224, C7, pp 27-13 to 27-15. Amatol loaded in ammo may be destroyed by detonation as described in ORDM 7—224, C7, pp 27—16 to 27—19 case of large shells and bombs it is preferrable and less dangerous... 

Fuzes, Rockets, Land Mines, Grenades and Igniters),Dept of the Army Tech Manual TM 9-1985-2(1953) 76)Anon, "German Explosive Ordnance (Projectiles and Projectile Fuzes), TM 9-1985-3(1953) 77)Anon, "Japanese Explosive Ordnance 1 (Bombs,... 

Antisubmarine Weapons include guns, mines, nets booms, projector charges, bombs, depth charges depth bombs, torpedoesfair-craft, surface and submarine launched), rockets and guided missiles Ref H.P.Cooper,Ordnance 36,583—5(1952)... 

This Encyclopedia is intended to cover the following items a)Military and industrial explosives, explosive compositions, propellants and pyrotechnic compositions b)Explosives and explosive compositions which have not been used for military or industrial purposes c)Analytical procedures for the more common explosives, propellants and pyrotechnic compositions d)Compounds which deflagrate or may possibly explode because of the presence of plosophoric groups e)Ammunition items, such as projectiles, bombs, grenades, detonators, fuzes, etc fJCalibers of weapons and projectiles used in the US and foreign countries g) Brief definitions of ordnance terms h)Names of scientists who made important contributions in the fields of explosives, ammunition and weapons... 

Bomb Drop Tests(Bomb Functioning Test) are usually conducted nsing bombs assembled in foe conventional manner, an for service usage, but provided with cither inert or simulated fuzes. The target is usually reinforced concrete Refs l)Ordnance proof Manual, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Nos 9—11(1949) Nos 10— 80(1957) 2)PATR l40l,Rev 1(1958)... 

War Dept Manual,TM 9.1904(1944),548-708 6)Anon, "Handbook of Japanese Explosive Ordnance , OPNAV 30 3M(1945),66-107 7)Ohart( 1946)195-217 8)All EnExpls( 1946), 164-9(Bomb high-explosive trains) 8a)J.M.King, "Bombs ,Lecture delivered at PicArsn,Dover,NJ on 27February,1948 9)Anon, "Bombs for Aircraft , Dept of the Army Tech Manual TM 9 1980(1950),1-59 10)Anon,"British Explosive Ordnance",Dept of the Army Tech Manual TM 9 l985.1(1953XConf), 1-158 178-204 ll)Anon, "German Explosive Ordnance",TM 9 1985 2(1953),... 

Anon, "Ordnance Service in the Field , FM 9-1(1959) 6)Anon, "Ordnance Ammunition Service , FM 9 5(1959) 7)A.B.Hartley, "Unexploded Bomb, A History of Bomb Disposal , Norton Co,NY(1959)(A detailed description of bomb disposal conducted in GtBritian during and after WWII) 8)Office, Chief of Ordnance , Program for Neutralization and Disposal of Explosive Material , Technical Information Report G,TIR G, Washington,DC(1960(Conf)(Not used as a source of info)... 

Maintenance of bombs(maintaining them in serv-icable condition for immediate use) includes derusting, repainting and removal of exudate from the bombs and the floor of magazines. Removal of exudate from the floor is done by pouring hot water over it and scrubbing. When a comparatively small amt of exudate is present on the exterior of bombs, it can be removed with acetone and the bombs considered suitable for issue. Where ex-cessibe exudate is present on the exterior of bombs, the lots involved should be reported to the Ordnance Ammunition Command, Joliet, 111 and held for disposition... 

Bombs, British. Bombs used during WWII are brief Iy described in conf "British Explosive Ordnance, TM 9 1985 1(1953), 1-158 178-204... 

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