Blend polyester urethane

Polyester-silicone Polyesters, thermoplastic Polyesters, unsaturated Polyester urethanes Polyester-wool blends Polyether antibiotics Polyether carboi lates Polyether elastomers... 

Table 5.7 omits references in which transesterification in PEST/PEST blends is brought about under static conditions either by annealing or heating in a DSC chamber. Blends in such examples were prepared by solution precipitation. Selected recent references in this class include PC + polyester urethane [Ahn et al., 1997] PBT + PET [Backson et al., 1995] Polyarylate + PBT [Denchev et al., 1996] PCL + PBT-CL copo-... 

PA/TPU blends have been compatibilized by addition of a bis-isocyanate coupling agent that is capable of reacting with nucleophilic end-groups on both polymers to form a block copolymer. Franke et al. [1993] have extruded PA-6 (20-0 parts) with polyester-urethane (78-100 parts) using a TSE at 230°C in the presence of 0.5-2 parts diphenylmethane dusocyanate. The coupling agent was added downstream of the extmder feed-throat. The blends were characterized by TEM, SEC, DSC, DMA, and FTIR. 

PC/TPU Texin 3000) or TPU/PC (Texin 4000) blends are hygroscopic. Since the TPU in the blends is a polyester-urethane, the material is susceptible to hydrolysis. Equilibrium moisture at 50 %RH is below 0.4% and it is reached in less than 40 hours, while that at 95 %RH, is 1.2% and reached in 100 hours. Pigments or additives to be added to the blend must be dried as well. 

PC is also blended with a polyester urethane TPU (Texin 3000 PC/TPU, Texin 4000 TPU/PC). For these systems, screw machines are preferable with L/D = 15 and compression ratio = 2-3. 

EFFECT OF POLYESTER BLENDS ON URETHANE ELASTOMER PROPERTIES (1,5-NAPHTHALENE DIISOCYANATE-BASED ELASTOMERS) ... 

Usage of phosphoms-based flame retardants for 1994 in the United States has been projected to be 150 million (168). The largest volume use maybe in plasticized vinyl. Other use areas for phosphoms flame retardants are flexible urethane foams, polyester resins and other thermoset resins, adhesives, textiles, polycarbonate—ABS blends, and some other thermoplastics. Development efforts are well advanced to find appHcations for phosphoms flame retardants, especially ammonium polyphosphate combinations, in polyolefins, and red phosphoms in nylons. Interest is strong in finding phosphoms-based alternatives to those halogen-containing systems which have encountered environmental opposition, especially in Europe. 

New water-insol. naphthalic acid imide dyestuffs - used to dye blends of polyamide or urethane- and polyester or tri acetate fibres having good light and washing fastness C91-110.342 RICH DE GB LI) ... 

Benzene, toluene, and xylene are made mosdy from catalytic reforming of naphthas with units similar to those already discussed. As a gross mixture, these aromatics are the backbone of gasoline blending for high octane numbers. However, there are many chemicals derived from these same aromatics thus many aromatic petrochemicals have their beginning by selective extraction from naphtha or gas—oil reformate. Benzene and cyclohexane are responsible for products such as nylon and polyester fibers, polystyrene, epoxy resins (qv), phenolic resins (qv), and polyurethanes (see Fibers Styrene plastics Urethane POLYiffiRs). 

Although polyethers are the main building blocks of the prepolymer, other materials such as polyesters, polythioethers, and polybutadienes are also used. Most urethanes use blends of polymers to achieve desired properties. Urethane sealants have pood inherent adhesion to most substrates, but silane adhesion promoters are often used to unprove this adhesion,... 

The two most prominent liquid radiation curable adhesives are free radical polymerization epoxy acrylates and cationic polymerization epoxies. Such adhesives are generally used as polymerizable syrups. A wide range of prepolymers can be acrylated including epoxies, urethanes, polyesters, polyethers, and rubbers. Elastomer-tackifying resin blends are often used in these formulations. 

Urethane and polyurea segments have been introduced into a polymer containing polyesters, polyethers, and casein. When blended into hair spray formulations containing upto 5 wt% solids, enhanced curl retention and flexural strength resulted. 

Bromine compounds are also used as fire retardants. These compounds are about twice as effective as chlorine compounds on a weight basis, so that significantly lower concentrations are needed. However, bromine compounds are higher in cost than chlorinated compounds and are generally less stable under exposure to heat and light (29). Those compounds containing aromatic bromine are significantly more stable to heat and hydrolysis than the aliphatic type. Examples are decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO), tetrabromobisphenol and tetrabromobisphenol A. A pentabromodiphenyl oxide blend is available for urethane foams and polyesters (34). Aliphatic bromine-type additives are used as flame retardants in plastic foams (polyurethane and polystyrene (33). 

Dicrylan BSR. [Gba-Geigy/Dyestnfis] Urethane emulsion nonionic durable finish with soft hiind on cotton and polyester/cotton blends binder for stain release finish on cotton fabrics. 

Johnson, B., FTIR studies on weathered Polyester, Acrylic Urethane Blends, Courtaulds Coatings Tech. Report, (1993) (a). 

Through the synthesis of poly(urethane-imide) films and their carbonization, carbon films were obtained whose macropore structure could be controlled by changing the molecular structure of polyurethane prepolymer [164-166]. Poly(urethane-imide) films were prepared by blending poly(amide acid), which was synthesized from pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 4,4 -oxydianiline (ODA), and phenol-terminated polyurethane pjrejwlymers, which were synthesized through the reaction of polyester polyol with either hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) or 4,4 -diphenyknethane-diisocyanate (MDI). The reaction schemes of two components, poly(imide) (PI) and poly(urethane) (PU), are shown in Fig. 46a). 

Polyurethane foams, also known as urethane foams or U-foams, are prepared by reacting hydroxyl-terminated compounds called polyols with an isocyanate (see Figure 1.29). Isocyanates in use today include toluene diisocyanate, known as TDl, crude methylenebis(4-phenyl-isocyanate), known as MDI, and different types of blends, such as TDl/crude MDI. Polyols, the other major ingredient of the urethane foam, are active hydrogen-containing compounds, usually polyester diols and polyether diols. 

Chem. Descrip. Aliphatic polyester PU disp. (35 /o) in water/N-methylpyrrolidone with neutralizer triethylamine (0.7%), as salt Uses Urethane tor elastic coatings, esp. for painting of plastic substrates, soft-feel paints (in combination with Daotan VTW 6420) blending agent tor other compat. binders (e.g., acrylics)... 

Chem. Descrip. Proprietary polymers blend Uses Surf, modifier for powd. coatings based on urethanes, epoxies, hybrids, polyesters... 

Chem. Descrip. Silicone/nonsilicone blend Uses Surfactant, defoamer for solv.-based printing inks, urethane systems, lacquers, polyester gel coats, industrial baking systems Properties Liq. sp.gr. 0.88 nonionic 30% act. 

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