Bismuthate, potassium sodium

Bismuth potassium sodium tartrate <3 Mammal, intramuscular... 

Selenium and tellurium react spontaneously with liquid chlorine, whereas sulfur begins to react only at the boiling point. Liquid chlorine reacts vigorously with iodine, red phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, tin, and bismuth. Potassium, sodium, and magnesium are unaffected in liquid chlorine at temperatures below - 80 C. Aluminum is unattacked until the temperature rises to - 20 C, when it ignites. Gold is only slowly attacked by liquid chlorine to form the trichloride (AuCls). Cast iron, wrought iron. 

Nylander reagent chem A solution of Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate), potassium or sodium hydroxide, and bismuth subnitrate in water used to test for sugar in urine. m-lon-dor re,a-(3nt ... 

Metals. Many powdered metals react violently or explosively below 200°C, including aluminium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, sodium, tin, titanium, and zinc, as well as brass and stainless steel.15,16... 

Ignites on contact with antimony, arsenic, boron, iodine, phosphorus, selenium. Ignites when warmed with bismuth, carbon, chromium, lead, sulfur. Incandescent reaction with aluminum, cadmium, cobalt, iron, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, sodium, thorium, titanium, tungsten, uran-... 

Before extracting bismuth and lead from ammoniacal cyanide solution add purified potassium sodium tartrate (see Section 27.2.1) to the initial acidic solution to prevent precipitation of hydrolyzable metals. 

Salts of organic acids like bismuth citrate, gallate, lactate, salicylate, thioglycolate, or camphorate also exist as basic compounds. Bismuth subcitrate forms a colloidal solution with molecules of the formula [BixCOHlyfCgHsO ) ] depending on the acidity of the solution. Bismuth potassium tartrate and bismuth sodium tartrate are soluble in water, but with time they decompose [1,2,5,61. 

Nylander s solution (carbohydrates). Dissolve 20 g of bismuth subnitrate (BijO(OH).j(N03) ) and 40 g of Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate, KNaC H 0g.4H20)in 1 L of 8% (mass/ mass) aqueous NaOH solution. Cool and filter. 

Iron zinc oxide (Fe29ZnQ 1O4), 30 127 [117004-16-7). Barium bismuth potassium oxide (Baa6BiKo.403), 30 198 [117314-29-1), Aluminum silicon sodium oxide (Al2Si5Na20 4), hydrate. 30 229 1118392-28-2). Cobalt sodium oxide (CoNsq J44) 74O2). 30 149 ) 118557-22-5), Calcium copper lead strontium yttrium oxide (Co5CujPb2Sr2Yo.50g). 30 197 ) 118955-75-2). Niobium titanium hydroxide oxide (NbTi(OH)04). 30 184 (120525-55-5). Boric acid (HjBOj). 

Simple ABO compounds in addition to BaTiO are cadmium titanate [12014-14-17, CdTiO lead titanate [12060-00-3] PbTiO potassium niobate [12030-85-2] KNbO sodium niobate [12034-09-2], NaNbO silver niobate [12309-96-5], AgNbO potassium iodate [7758-05-6], KIO bismuth ferrate [12010-42-3], BiFeO sodium tantalate, NaTaO and lead zirconate [12060-01 -4], PbZrO. The perovskite stmcture is also tolerant of a very wide range of multiple cation substitution on both A and B sites. Thus many more complex compounds have been found (16,17), eg, (K 2 i/2) 3 ... 

The most commonly used Hquid metal is sodium—potassium eutectic. Sodium, potassium, bismuth, lithium, and other sodium—potassium alloys also are used. Mercury, lead, and lead—bismuth eutectic have also been used however, these are all highly toxic and appHcation has thus been restricted. 

Scintillation detectors are substances which fluoresce when stmck by x-radiation. Scintillation can, therefore, serve to convert x-ray photons into visible or ultraviolet light. Scintillation materials include thaUium-activatedcrystals of sodium iodide, NaI(Tl), potassium iodide, KI(T1), or cesium iodide, CsI(Tl) crystals of stilbene (a, P-diphenylethylene) [588-59-0] and anthracene [120-12-7] bismuth germanium oxide [12233-56-6] ... 

Other methods of preparing tertiary bismuthines have been used only to a limited extent. These methods iaclude the electrolysis of organometaUic compounds at a sacrificial bismuth anode (54), the reaction between a sodium—bismuth or potassium—bismuth alloy and an alkyl or aryl haUde (55), the thermal elimination of sulfur dioxide from tris(arenesulfiaato)bismuthines (56), and the iateraction of ketene and a ttis(dialkylainino)bismuthine (57). 

All three carboa—bismuth boads of trihen zylhismuthine [99715-52-3], C2 H2 Bi, (64) and triphenylbismuthine (65) can be cleaved by alkafl metals. Under some conditions, however, tertiary bismuthines react with sodium or potassium to yield secondary bismuthides. Thus a number of sodium dialkylbismuthides have been obtained by the iateraction of a trialkylbismuthine and sodium ia Hquid ammonia (66—69) ... 

Sihcon carbide is comparatively stable. The only violent reaction occurs when SiC is heated with a mixture of potassium dichromate and lead chromate. Chemical reactions do, however, take place between sihcon carbide and a variety of compounds at relatively high temperatures. Sodium sihcate attacks SiC above 1300°C, and SiC reacts with calcium and magnesium oxides above 1000°C and with copper oxide at 800°C to form the metal sihcide. Sihcon carbide decomposes in fused alkahes such as potassium chromate or sodium chromate and in fused borax or cryohte, and reacts with carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ak, and steam. Sihcon carbide, resistant to chlorine below 700°C, reacts to form carbon and sihcon tetrachloride at high temperature. SiC dissociates in molten kon and the sihcon reacts with oxides present in the melt, a reaction of use in the metallurgy of kon and steel (qv). The dense, self-bonded type of SiC has good resistance to aluminum up to about 800°C, to bismuth and zinc at 600°C, and to tin up to 400°C a new sihcon nitride-bonded type exhibits improved resistance to cryohte. 

Bismuth trioxide incandesces with sodium or potassium. Bismuth halogens (chlorinated, brominated, iodated) detonate in contact with potassium. 

Contact with boron, silicon, red phosphorus, sulfur, or arsenic, antimony or bismuth usually causes incandescence [1]. Solid potassium or molten sodium explode with the pentafluoride, and aluminium foil ignites on prolonged contact [2], Molybdenum and tungsten incandesce when warmed [3],... 

Many of the following powdered metals reacted violently or explosively with fused ammonium nitrate below 200°C aluminium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, tin, zinc also brass and stainless steel. Mixtures with aluminium powder are used as the commercial explosive Ammonal. Sodium reacts to form the yellow explosive compound sodium hyponitrite, and presence of potassium sensitises the nitrate to shock [1], Shock-sensitivity of mixtures of ammonium nitrate and powdered metals decreases in the order titanium, tin, aluminium, magnesium, zinc, lead, iron, antimony, copper [2], Contact between molten aluminium and the salt is violently explosive, apparently there is a considerable risk of this happening in scrap remelting [3],... 

Atomic hydrogen is a powerful reducing agent, even at room temperature. For example, it reacts with the oxides and chlorides of many metals, including silver, copper, lead, bismuth, and mercury, to produce the free metals. It reduces some salts, such as nitrates, nitrites, and cyanides of sodium and potassium, to the metallic state. It reacts with a number of elements, both metals and nonmetals, to yield hydrides such as NH3, NaH, KH, and PH3. Sulfur forms a number of hydrides the simplest is H2S. Combining with oxygen, atomic... 

The optimal reaction conditions for the generation of the hydrides can be quite different for the various elements. The type of acid and its concentration in the sample solution often have a marked effect on sensitivity. Additional complications arise because many of the hydrideforming elements exist in two oxidation states which are not equally amenable to borohydride reduction. For example, potassium iodide is often used to pre-reduce AsV and SbV to the 3+ oxidation state for maximum sensitivity, but this can also cause reduction of Se IV to elemental selenium from which no hydride is formed. For this and other reasons Thompson et al. [132] found it necessary to develop a separate procedure for the determination of selenium in soils and sediments although arsenic, antimony and bismuth could be determined simultaneously [133]. A method for simultaneous determination of As III, Sb III and Se IV has been reported in which the problem of reduction of Se IV to Se O by potassium iodide was circumvented by adding the potassium iodide after the addition of sodium borohydride [134], Goulden et al. [123] have reported the simultaneous determination of arsenic, antimony, selenium, tin and bismuth, but it appears that in this case the generation of arsine and stibene occurs from the 5+ oxidation state. 

Antimony, arsenic, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, indium, iridium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel, palladium, platinum, potassium, rhodium, rubidium, ruthenium, selenium, silver, sodium, tellurium, thallium, zinc... 

Iodine is also given off to a small extent in dissolving the uranium metal in nitric acid, but larger amounts may be obtained on steam distillation after dissolution (5). Ruthenium is often removed from the fission products by distillation of the volatile tetroxide formed by oxidation with potassium permangate, sodium bismuthate, periodic acid (38) etc. The distillation goes readily and gives a product of good purity. 

Carnot s reagent chem A solution of sodium bismuth thiosulfate in alcohol used for determining potassium. kar noz re a ant ... 

Drugs that may affect tetracyclines include antacids containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium iron salts zinc salts barbiturates bismuth salts carbamazepine cholestyramine colestipol phenytoin rifamycins urinary alkalinizers (eg, sodium lactate, potassium citrate). 

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