Bionic application

Several applications where biotechnology can be utilized have already been given in Section 8.2.1, Bionics. The distinctions between this section and Section 8.2.1 are not very clear cut, because the use of microbes, for instance, in bioremediation is often considered to be biotechnology. The term biotechnology is more commonly applied when microbes that have been genetically modified are used (Figure 8.2.9). 

Stegmaier, T., M. Milwich, A. Scherrieble, M. Geuer, and H. Planck. 2004. Bionic developments based on textile materials for technical applications. In I. Boblan and R. Bannasch (eds), Fortschritt-Berichte VDJ, Reihe 15 Umwelttechnik 249 323-330. VDI Verlag GmbH, Diisseldorf, Germany. 

The identification and development of materials that find application in biomedical applications has a profound effect on our quality of life. It is breakthroughs in this area of materials research that has seen the development of highly effective stents [1,2], bone replacements [3], pacemakers [4], bionic ears [5], and wearable prosthetics [6]. In each of the above examples the material requirements will differ. However, in all cases they must be compatible with the biological environment in which they are to operate. This compatibility may involve molecular and cellular interactions, be at the skeletal level wherein aspects related to wearability, comfort, lightweight, and esthetics become important. 

Besides the separation of pharmaceuticals, CD-containing stationary phases have found application in the analysis of foods and food products, environmental pollutants, and other organic compounds. The baseline separation of lacto-bionic acid, sorbitoL lactose, and fmctose on a P-CD phase was achieved using MeCN-sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10 mM (70/30, v/v) as isocratic mobile phase. Racemic 2,4-... 

Stegmaier, T., Linke, M., Planck, H., 2009. Bionics in textiles flexible and translucent thermal insulations for solar thermal applications. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 367, 1749-1758. 

Computer programming provides important circuitry for many biomedical engineering applications, including systems for differential disease diagnosis. Advances in bionics, moreover, rely heavily on computer systems to enhance vision, hearing, and body movements. 

Steinbuch, R. (2010). Successful application of evolutionary algorithms in engineering design. Journal of Bionics Engineering, 7, 199-210. doi 10.1016/S1672-6529(09)60236-5... 

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