Biomass energy production from

McKendry, P., Energy production from biomass (part 3) Gasification technologies. Bioresource Technology 2002, 83,55-63. 

A large increase in biomass energy production has the potential to cause serious environmental problems. Land use issues and concerns about pollution are major concerns. Areas with fragile ecosystems and rare species would need to be preserved. Agricultural lands would also compete with food production. The loss of soil fertility from overuse is a concern. Biomass production would need to be varied and sustainable while preserving local ecosystems. 

Cross-cutting Hydrogen from Biomass Hydrogen production from nuclear energy Photo-electrochemical Biological and photolytic systems Hydrogen production from Boron... 

U S. energy production from renewable sources was a bit less than 10% of total energy production in 2007, at 6,800,000 billion BTUs out of total energy production of about 71,713,000 billion BTUs. (In this case, renewable includes conventional hydroelectric and geothermal, along with solar, wind and biomass.) This is up from about 7.6% in 1970. Meanwhile, nuclear generation accounted for another 11.7% of total U.S. energy production, or 8,415,000 billion BTUs in 2007. 

McKendry, P. (2002). Energy Production From Biomass (Part 2) Conversion Technologies. 

McKendry, R, Energy production from biomass (part 2) Conversion technologies. Bioresource Technol 2002, 83 (1), 47-54. 

Pakdel H, Munvanashyaka J N, Roy C, Fractional vacuum pyrolysis of biomass for high yields of phenolic compounds . These proceedings Hinunelblau A Combined chemicals and energy production from biomass pyrolysis , These proceedings... 

McKendry, P. Energy production from biomass (Part 1) Overview of biomass. Bioresource Technol. 2002, 55 (1), 37-46. 

The process economic data required for biomass conversion describe the costs and efficiencies required in producing an energy product from a biomass feedstock. This information determines the production price for any biomass product at any specific biomass feedstock cost. 

Rosch, C., Skarkaa,)., Raabb, K., and Stelzer, V. (2009) Energy production from grassland-assessing the sustainability of different process chains under German conditions. Biomass Bioenergf, 33, 689-700. 

In recent years, though, the situation somehow reversed, and the exploitation of biological resources for products (including energy products) from biomass has become a concern, and it is even actively opposed by some sectors of civil society (environmental nongovernmental organisations mainly). In fact, the use of land to produce biomass is perceived as a competitive use of land for the production of food. 

The market penetration of synthetic fuels from biomass and wastes in the United States depends on several basic factors, eg, demand, price, performance, competitive feedstock uses, government incentives, whether estabUshed fuel is replaced by a chemically identical fuel or a different product, and cost and availabiUty of other fuels such as oil and natural gas. Detailed analyses have been performed to predict the market penetration of biomass energy well into the twenty-first century. A range of from 3 to about 21 EJ seems to characterize the results of most of these studies. 

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