Biocompatibility cell culture toxicity

Biocompatibility at the Cell Culture Level. The liquid components, MAP and catechol oxidase, and extracts of two solid crosslinked materials were tested for cell culture toxicity and growth inhibition. The evaluation of cell culture cytotoxicity in an agar overlay method detects the impact on cells of any freely... 

This test is used to evaluate the toxicity of a material in vitro or an extract of a material used in a device. Several different tests have been used and have produced a spectmm of biocompatibility assessments on the same material (20-22). The tests used measure the viability of cells in contact with a material or an extract of a material. A variety of cell lines can be used however, a modified fibroblast line is usually the gold standard. Some tests used include 1) direct cell culture, 2) agar diffusion testing, 3) filter diffusion testing, and 4) barrier testing (22). 

Toxicity, Biocompatability, and Cell Culture Sharon J. Northup, Ph.D. 

Such 3D cell cultures could be incorporated into a CCA device. Of particular interest may be 3D hydrogels, which are relatively easy to produce and are adaptable to cocultures. While extensive work has been done with hydrogel cultures [Drury and Mooney, 2003], these studies have not focused on applications to toxicity testing. Hydrogels are easy to make and it can be used to study cocultures. The hydrogel must be biocompatible, bioresorbable, and nontoxic such that it does not bias the experiments. 

Cell culture techniques have been used extensively in biocompatibility studies involving polymeric materials (14-17), Cell culture systems have been shown to be highly sensitive to toxic moieties and well correlated with animal studies (75-77). We have adapted these techniques as described below in order to investigate the in vitro biocompatibility of Nafion polymer. The results presented here represent the progress to date on continuing studies directed toward characterizing the properties of N on polymer for biosensor applications. 

The tests for in vitro biocompatibility were performed on normal cells (Vero) and tumor cells (glioblastoma). No cytotoxicity was detected in cells (normal or tumor) cultured with red and white onion extracts at low concentrations (between 0% and 1%), the cell viability being aronnd 90%. At higher concentration, the viability decrease slowly at 80% (Fig. 41.4a). On the other hand, garlic extracts indnce toxicity both on normal and tnmor cells at very low concentrations (Fig. 41.4b). 

Marques et al. (2002) studied the biocompatibility of starch-based polymers. The materials used for this study were (i) a 50/50 (wt%) blend of cornstarch and ethylene vinyl alcohol (SEVA-C), (ii) SEVA-C reinforced with 30 % (wt) of hydroxyapatite, (iii) a 50/50 (wt%) blend of cornstarch and cellulose acetate (SCA), and (iv) SCA reinforced with 30 % (wt) of hydroxyapatite. In the composites the average size of 90 % of the HA particles was found to be below 6.5 mm. Cytotoxicity tests with the extract of the materials were performed in order to evaluate the presence and or release of toxic leachables and degradation products. Cell material interactions on the surface of the polymers were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and related to the materials formulations. The short-term effect of leachables from starch-based polymers was quantified by exposing L929 cell to the degradation products released by those materials after immersion in culture medium. 

The biocompatibility of PEDOT has not been thoroughly studied. However, in vitro and in vivo data so far suggest that it is compatible with cultured cells and brain tissue and does not release any substance that elicits toxicity [24]. Furthermore, the peptide sequence DCDPGYIGSR can be incorporated in the PEDOT coating... 

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