Biochemical Profiling

Molecular-based biochemical assays utilizing purified cellular fraction or proteins, albeit attractive in their simplicity and streamlining ability, do not allow for the observation of a phenotypic response and so are not suitable starting points for a primary assay, yet they have utility as follow-up assays later in the screening cascade. 

In terms of target identification, a target family panel is as informative as the coverage for such protein class, that is, if the activity of the investigational small 

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Sailer CF, SalamaAI (1993). Seroquel biochemical profile of a potential atypical antipsychotic. Psychopharmacology 112, 285-8. 

Uden, S., Schofield, D., Miller, P.F., Day, J.P., Bottiglier, T. and Braganza, J.M. (1992). Antioxidant therapy for recurrent pancreatitis biochemical profiles in a placebo-controlled trial. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 6, 229-240. 

It is not obvious what pharmacological or biochemical profile such agents need have to be effective. It has been proposed that ROS are responsible for the oedematous tissue injury, which can be produced by a period of... 

Y. Nishida, A. Mizuno, H. Kato, A. Yashiro, T. Ohtake, and K. Kobayashi, Stereo- and biochemical profiles of the 5-6- and 6-6-junction isomers of a-D-mannosyl [60]fullerenes, Chem. Biodivers., 1 (2004) 1452-1464. 

Two types of synthetic pyrethroids have been identified, as judged by different behavioral, neurophysiological, chemical, and biochemical profiles ... 

GLASSBROOK, A., RYALS, J., A systematic approach to biochemical profiling, Cur. Opin. Plant Biol., 2001, 4, 186-90. 

The concept of biochemical individuality has become part of most contemporary clinical and experimental medical and nutritional research. People are now known to fit into personally unique biochemical profiles based upon their own genetic structure, nutrition and environment.5 There is no such thing as a truly "normal" individualmeaning average. We are all biochemically unique and need to be dealt with as such. The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) which were developed by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council to establish the nutritional needs of "practically all healthy people" were not based upon the more recent information concerning the range of biochemical individuality among individuals. The RDAs that describe "normal" nutritional needs have questionable relevancy to the concept of optimal nutrition based upon individual needs. The contributions of Dr. Williams have opened the door for personally tailored nutritional and medical interventions that take biochemical individuality into account. 

This diversity of mental retardation, in both cause and phenotype, carries important implications for consideration of the biochemistry of consciousness. On the one hand, because this is an investigation of multiple causalities—including, for example, inborn errors of metabolism, each of which has its own unique biochemical profile (Cook Leventhal, 1996), it may not prove possible to identify specific neurotransmitter abnormalities which are common to mental retardation as such. On the other hand common themes concerning key neurotransmitters may be identified from studies of mental retardation. Altered neurotransmitter functioning associated with the severity of mental retardation is open to different interpretations, either reflecting fundamentally impaired development of cerebral structure or a more general impairment of central transmitter activity and functioning. 

O. Curet, G. Damoiseau, N. Aubin, N. Sontag, V. Rovei, F.-X. Jarreau, Befloxatone, a new reversible and selective monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor. I. Biochemical profile, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 277 (1996) 253-264. 

Biochemical profiling (NovaScreen platform, NVS) was developed and run by Caliper Discovery Alliances and Services (http // www.caliperls.com/products/contract-research/). The 292 assays in this panel were selected from a commercial panel for preclinical drug development based on published evidence linking assay targets... 

NovaScreen Biochemical profiling, largely using (N VS) hiunan proteins, of receptor... 

The biochemical profile of the contaminant can then be compared to that of microorganisms obtained from the sterility tests and bioburden and environmental monitoring programs, in order to help identify the potential sources of the contaminant. 

A contaminated container should be examined carefully for any breach in the container system. All positives (from integral containers) should be identified to at least genus and to species whenever possible. The identification of contaminant should be compared to the database of the organisms recently identified. The biochemical profile of the contaminant can then be compared to that of microorganisms obtained from the sterility tests and bioburden and environmental monitoring programs, in order to help identify the potential sources of the contaminant. 

J. L. Griffin, J. Troke, L. A. Walker, R. F. Shore, J. C. Lindon and J. K. Nicholson, The biochemical profile of rat testicular tissue as measured by magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, FEBS Lett., 2000, 486, 225-229. 

J., Wong, E., Xu, L.-J., Young, R. N., Zamboni, R., Riendeau, D. Rofecoxib [Vioxx, MK-0966 4-(4 -methylsulfonylphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-(5H)-furanone] a potent and orally active cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor. Pharmacological and biochemical profiles, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1999, 290, 551-560,... 

Malatesta M, Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Cardinali A, Marcheggiani F, Reno F, Gazzanelli G. (1998) Ultrastructural characterization and biochemical profile of human gross cystic breast disease. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 48, 211-9. 

Fig-1 a Normalised pyrolysis mass spectra of Penicillium chrysogenum this complex fingerprint can be used to type this organism, b Normalised pyrolysis mass spectra of 200 pg pure Penicillin G this somewhat simpler biochemical profile is one of the range of penicillins produced by Penicillium chrysogenum... 

Lee et al. have found that 2-Ara-Gl produced a potent, dose-related inhibition of T and B cell proliferation. 2-Ara-Gl also inhibited forskolin-stimu-lated adenylyl cyclase [76], In contrast, anandamide did not inhibit forsko-lin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity in splenocytes, and did not inhibit T or B cell proliferation. Anandamide and 2-Ara-Gl apparently differ considerably in their biochemical profiles in the immune system. 

A biochemical activity capable of CaaX proteolysis was initially associated with membrane fractions derived from yeast and mammalian cells [13-17]. While these membrane fractions assuredly contained Rcelp, now known to be an integral membrane protein localized to the ER [7], these studies were complicated by the presence of Ste24p (Afclp/Type I CAAX prenyl endopeptidase/FACE-1), an evolutionarily unrelated protease with similar enzymatic properties that is also considered a CaaX protease [18]. The combined activity of Rcelp and Ste24p is sometimes referred to as RACE activity, where RACE stands for the term Ras and a-factor converting enzyme [5,19]. RACE should not be interchanged with Rcelp, even though Rcelp derives from the same term and has a similar biochemical profile. 

In a randomized, double-blind comparison of terbinafine (n = 27) with itraconazole (n = 28) for 2 weeks for tinea capitis in Pakistani children (mean age 8 years), fever, body ache, and vertigo were seen with terbinafine in one patient each, and urticaria with itraconazole in two patients (64). There were no significant changes in hematological and biochemical profiles. 

Figure 45-20 Posttransplantation biochemical profile. Open squares represent the course of a patient who experienced an early rejection episode (confirmed by biopsy, d) and requiring initial hemodialysis support. Solid squares represent the typical profile of an uncomplicated transplant recipient.To convert creatinine concentration in pmol/L to mg/dL, multiply by 0.0 I.

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