Bifidobacterium longum

Using the ELISA (with avidin-biotin bridges) and ELISPOT methods a stimulating effect of selected probiotic bacteria (Bifidobacterium longum, B animalis, Lactobacillus easel, L. salivarius) on the immune system of the rat and mouse has been demonstrated (higher level of specific as well as total IgGa and IgA content) (Nagy et al., 2002). 

Furrie, E., Macfarlane, S., Kennedy, A., Cummings, J. H., Walsh, S. V., O Neil, D. A., and Macfarlane, G. T. (2005). Synbiotic therapy (Bifidobacterium longum/Synergy 1) initiates resolution of inflammation in patients with active ulcerative colitis A randomised controlled pilot trial. Gut 54(2), 242-9. 

Colombel, J.F., Cortot, A., Neut, C., and Romond, C., Yogurt with Bifidobacterium longum reduces erythromycin-induced gastrointestinal effects, Lancet, 1, 43, 1987. 

Harmsen, H.J., Raangs, G.C., Franks, A.H., Wildeboer-Veloo, A.C.M., and Welling, G.W., The effect of the prebiotic inulin and the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum on the fecal flora of healthy volunteers measured by FISH and DGGE, Microb. Ecol. Health Dis., 14, 211-219, 2002. 

Kitaoka, M., Tian, I, and Nishimoto, M. 2005. A novel putative galactose operon involving lacto-N-biose phosphorylase found in Bifidobacterium longum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 71(6), 3158-3162. 

Lee, K. Y., and Heo, T. R. (2000), Survival of Bifidobacterium longum immobilized in calcium alginate beads in simulated gastric juices and bile salt solution, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 66, 869-873. 

Taniguchi, M., Nakazawa, H., Takeda, O., Kaneko, T., Hoshino, K., and Tanaka, T. 1998. Production of a mixture of antimicrobial organic acids from lactose by co-culture of Bifidobacterium longum and Propionibacterium freudenreichii. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 62 1522-1527. 

Jiang, T., Mustapha, A., and Saviano, D.A. Improvement of lactose digestion by ingestion of unfermented milk containing Bifidobacterium longum, ]. Dairy Sci., 79, 750,1996. 

Abstract The processes of lactic acid production include two key stages, which are (a) fermentation and (h) product recovery. In this study, fiee cell of Bifidobacterium longum was used to produce lactic acid from cheese whey. The produced lactic acid was then separated and purified from the fermentation broth using combination of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. Nanofiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutofif of 100-400 Da was used to separate lactic acid from lactose and cells in the cheese whey fermentation broth in the first step. The obtained permeate from the above nanofiltration is mainly composed of lactic acid and water, which was then concentrated with a reverse osmosis membrane in the second step. Among the tested nanofiltration membranes, HL membrane from GE Osmonics has the highest lactose retention (97 1%). In the reverse osmosis process, the ADF membrane could retain 100% of lactic acid to obtain permeate with water only. The effect of membrane and pressure on permeate flux and retention of lactose/lactic acid was also reported in this paper. 

Key Words Bifidobacterium longum bifidus factor Clostridium perfringens lacto-N-biose I lacto-Ai-biose phosphorylase Leloir pathway LNB/GMB pathway milk oligosaccharides. 

Fujita, K., Oura, R, Nagamine, N., Katayama, T., Hiratake, J., Sakata, K., Kumagai, H., and Yamamoto, K. 2005. Identification and molecular cloning of a novel glycoside hydrolase family of core 1 type O-glycan-specific endo-alpha-iV-acetylgalactosaminidase from Bifidobacterium longum. J. Biol. Chem. 280 37415-37422. 

Challa, A., Rao, D.R., Chawan, C.B., and Shackelford, 1,., Bifidobacterium longum and lactulose suppress azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci in rats. Carcinogenesis, 18, 517-521, 1997. 

Rowland, I.R., Rumney, C. J., Coutts, J.T., and Lievense, L.C., Effect of Bifidobacterium longum and inulin on gut bacterial metabolism and carcinogen-induced aberrant crypt foci in rats. Carcinogenesis, 19,281-285, 1998. 

Lahtinen SJ, Ouwehand AC, Salminen SJ, ForsseU P, MyUarinen P (2007) Effect of starch and lipid based encapsulation on the culturabUity of two Bifidobacterium longum strains. Letters in Applied Microbiology 44 500-505. 

Adhikari, K., Mustapha, A., and Grun, I.U. 2003. Survival and metabolic activity of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium longum in stirred yogurt. J. Food Sci. 68 275-280. 

Kivihaiju, K., Leisola, M., Eerikainen, T. (2005). Optimization of a Bifidobacterium longum production process. Journal of Biotechnology, 117(3), 299-308. 

Reilly, S. S., Gilliland, S. E. (1999). Bifidobacterium longum survival during frozen and refrigerated storage as related to pH during growth. Journal of Eood Science, 64(4), 714-718. 

Taniguchi, M., Kotani, N., Kobayashi, T. (1987b). High concentration cultivation of Bifidobacterium longum in fermenter with cross-flow filtration. Applied Microbiology and... 

Park KB, Ji GE, Park MS, Oh SH. (2005). Expression of rice glutamate decarboxylase in Bifidobacterium longum enhances y-aminobutyric acid production. Biotechnol Lett, 27, 1681-1684. 

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