Best current operating practice

The US EPA defined Best Current Operating Practice (BOP) as being the use of GCP combined with a temperature limitation of 350 °F (approximately 175 °C) on the inlet to post-combustion control devices. Rapid quenching of the combustion gases to below 175 °C was also regarded as BOP. 

The combined control of combustion and post-combustion processes constitutes the equivalent of US EPA s Best Current Operating Practice (BOP) discussed above. In this section, we draw out relevant observations concerning the fundamentals of PCDD/F formation in order to inform the development of potential control strategies. 

Basic Event A fault tree event is sufficiently basic if no further development is necessary (e g., equipment item failure, human failnre, or external event). Benchmarking The comparison of current operating practices to internal or external company practices, industry best practices, and regulatory standards. 

There has been much research on the possible impact of REACH and suggestions for its practical implementation and changes and improvements. These and the most recent political developments are listed below to give an indication of the status of the REACH scheme at the time of writing. Overall the best current estimate for when REACH will begin operating is 2007. 

The definition of the Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration MAK (maximum workplace concentration) is the highest tolerable concentration of a chemical as gas, vapor or dust in the atmosphere at a workplace to which an employee can be exposed (using the best current knowledge) without any adverse effects on the health of an individual employee within a normal 8-hour period based on an average working week of 40 hours. The fundamental exposition schemes are based on the operative mechanism of the substance, on scientific criteria for health protection, and practical experience, rather than on technical and economic feasibility. 

External validity can also be affected if trials have protocols that differ from usual clinical practice. For example, prior to randomization in the trials of endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis patients had to be diagnosed by a neurologist and to have conventional arterial angiography, neither of which are routine in many centers. The trial intervention itself may also differ from that used in current practice, such as in the formulation and bioavailability of a drug, or the type of anesthetic used for an operation. The same can be true of the treatment in the control group in a trial, which may use a particularly low dose of the comparator drug or fall short of best current practice in some... 

Best practice information on safe working practices in the coastal and maritime engineering sector has been assembled through examination of HSE statistical data and through detailed discussions with clients, consultants, contractors and suppliers, examining current operational procedures, accident records and perceptions of risk. 

Best practice information on safe working practices in the coastal and maritime engineering sector has been assembled through examination of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) statistical data and through detailed discussions with clients, consultants, contractors and suppliers, examining current operational procedures, accident records and perceptions of risk. This document incorporates lessons learnt from previous experience in the coastal and maritime construction sectors, and contains guidance and recommendations for all stakeholders involved in the safety of construction work in the coastal and maritime environment. 

Kiely (1996) gives a comprehensive summary of EU and US environmental legislation. All the legislation embodies the concept of Best Practicable Means (BPM). This requires the designer to use the most appropriate treatment to comply with the regulation, whilst taking into account local conditions, current technology and cost. The concept of BPM also applies to the installation, maintenance and operation of the plant. 

The cGMPs require manufacturers to have adequately equipped manufacturing facilities, adequately trained personnel, precisely controlled manufacturing processes, appropriate laboratory controls, complete and accurate records and reports, appropriate finished product examination, and so on. Current GMPs are not best practices rather, they establish threshold or minimum standards which must be satisfied in order for a pharmaceutical manufacturing operation to be compliant. 

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