Benadryl

The prototype of the antihistamines based on benzhydrol, diphenhydramine (3), is familiar to many today under the trade name Benadryl . Light-induced bromination of diphenylmethane affords benzhydryl bromide (2). This is then allowed to react with dimethylaminoethanol to give the desired ether. Although no mechanistic studies have been reported, it is not unlikely that I he bromine undergoes SNi solvolysis in the reaction medium the carbonitjm ion then simply picks up the alcohol. It might be noted in passing that the theophyline salt of 4 is familiar to many Iravelers as a motion sickness remedy under the trade name Oram amine . 

Monitoring and Managing Adverse Drug Reactions Treatment of minor hypersensitivity reactions may include administration of an antihistamine such as Benadryl (for a rash or itching). Major hypersensitivity reactions, such as bronchospasm, laryngospasm,... 

Administration of atropine with meperidine (Demerol), flurazepam (Dalmane), diphenhydramine (Benadryl), phenothiazines, and the tricyclic antidepressants may increase the effects of atropine. There is a decreased effectiveness of haloperidol when administered with the anticholinergic dragp. 

Antihistamines are drags used to counteract the effects of histamine on body organs and structures. Examples of antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine (Claritin), fexofenadine (Allegra), and cetirizine (Zyrtec). A new antihistamine, deslorata-dine (Clarinex), is die active metabolite of loratadine and is intended to eventually replace loratadine (Claritin). Topical corticosteroid nasal sprays such as fluticasone propionate (Flonase) or triamcinolone ace-tonide (Nasacort AQ) are also used for nasal allergy symptoms. See Chapter 56 for more information on die topical corticosteroids. 

Benadryl Allergy Sinus Tablets—pseudoephedrine HC1, diphenhydramine citrate, diphenhydramine HC1... 

Benadryl Complex (Parke Methorcon (Kyowa hydrobromide)-comb. 

Zeresmin (Juzen-Yamanouchi as salicylate) Actifed (Warner-Lambert as hydrochloride) Benadryl (Parke Davis as hydrochloride)... 

Cyclizine (Marezine) Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Hydoxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril) Meclizine (Bonine, Antivert)... 

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl ) Not recommended for use in infants or neonates 2-6 years old 6.25-12.5 mg every 4-6 hours as needed 6-12 years old 12.5-25 mg every 4-6 hours as needed 25-50 mg every 6-8 hours as needed... 

Histamine Mast cells Activation Hj receptor antagonists (e.g., diphenhydramine chloride, Benadryl )... 

Tylenol 650 mg PO 30 minutes before ATG Benadryl 50 mg PO/IV 30 minutes before ATG Hydrocortisone 50 mg IV 30 minutes before ATG... 

Administer the antihistamine diphenhydramine (Benadryl, adults 25-50 mg children 1-2 mg/kg) usually given parenterally. Apply tourniquet proximal to site of antigen injection remove every 10-15 minutes. 

Guinea pig tracheal chain Histaminergic Histamine/benadryl Castillo and De Beer, 1947a, b... 

If Benadryl Elixir containing 25 mg diphenhydramine hydrochloride per 10 mL is evaporated to 70% of its volume, what is the strength of diphenhydramine hydrochloride in the remaining solution ... 

Available 50 mg Benadryl capsules weighing 200 mg, and 4 mg prednisone tablets weighing 180 mg each. 

Benadryl may be given in a daily dose of 150 mg per square meter. If a child weighs 72 lb and stands 48 inches tall, how many milligrams of Benadryl should be given per day ... 

A physician ordered Benadryl 50 mg PO h.s. p.r.n. If the available Benadryl (diphenhydramine HC1) elixir contains 2.5 mg of drug in each milliliter, how many teaspoons will be administered to the patient ... 

Antihistaminics are rather notorious from the standpoint of the diverse reactions which they elicit from individuals. Benadryl, according to a typical report,42 caused side reactions in 133 out of 217 patients to whom it was administered. Drowsiness was reported for 93 patients, dry mouth for 44, parasthesias of the hands for 32, headache for 21, dizziness for 15, nervousness for 8, tinnitus for 8, vomitingfor 4, confusion for 3, narcolepsy for 2, weakness for 2, and diarrhea for. Even if the complete accuracy of such reports is ques-... 

Pyribenzamine is reported to elicit side reactions in a smaller proportion of patients than does benadryl and the pattern is somewhat different.43 Gastrointestinal symptoms topped the list with 19 out of 200 patients being affected in this way. Insomnia was reported in 6 cases, and dry mouth in only 4. Drowsiness was noted for 18 cases and vertigo for 16. One case of urticaria was found definitely to be caused by the drug. 

T. Chang, R. A. Okerholm, A. J. Glazko, Identification of Diphenhydramine (Benadryl ) Metabolites in Human Subjects , Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 1974, 9, 391 - 404. 

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