Behavioral Synthesis - An Introduction

Example ILl Multiplication Operation Assigned to a Clock Cycle 

Behavioral synthesis could address this problem by either inferring pipelined multipliers or by automatically making the multiplication operation a multicycle path. Similarly, behavioral synthesis can chain operations if the delay of the multiplication operations is less than the clock period and thereby reduce latency and register costs. In other words, behavioral synthesis can move operations across clock cycles based on timing requirements, provided no control or data dependencies are violated. 

Logic synthesis of otie dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays in VHDL or Verilog results in x times y xQgvsX vs for an array with x and y dimensions. Further, to write to an element of the array requires decoding logic and to read an element from the array 

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Particular concerns in preparing this composite book have been the combination of information and instruction, and the sequence and correlation of the chapters contents. The first 10 chapters take the reader from an introduction through synthesis characterization, mechanical behavior, and flow to... 

In this chapter we outline the basic aspects to be considered when working with liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), including techniques for their synthesis and characterization. For readers new to the field - who may not have a strong backgrotmd in macromolecular chemistry - we shall introduce strategies for a successful approach. We start with an introduction to the synthesis of LC polymer networks and their basic characterizatiOTi (Sect 2). Subsequently their mechanical orientation behavior will be discussed (Sect 3). Techniques to prepare elastomers that are permanently oriented to form a single crystal are the subject of Sect 4. Finally a brief outlook is given in Sect. 5. 

It is well known that the elements in framework of zeolite molecular sieves greatly influence the properties and behaviors of these materials [1-3], The introduction of heteroatoms into the framework has become one of most active fields in study of zeolites. The investigations were mostly focused on the methods to introduce heteroatoms into the framework (for examples, hydrothermal synthesis and post-synthesis), the mechanisms for incorporations, the effect of heteroatoms on the acid-base properties and the catalytic features of modified samples [1-10]. Relatively less attention was paid to the effect of treatment process on the porous properties of samples although the incorporation of heteroatoms, especially by the so-called post-synthesis, frequently changes the distribution of pore size. Recently, we incorporated Al, Ga and B atoms into zeolites (3 by the post-synthesis in an alkaline medium named alumination, galliation and boronation, respectively. It was found that different trivalent elements inserted into the [3 framework at quite different level. The heteroatoms with unsuitable atom size and poor stability in framework were less introduced, leading to that a considerable amount of framework silicon were dissolved under the action of base and the mesopores in zeolite crystal were developed. As a typical case, the boronation of zeolites (3 and the accompanied formation of mesopores are reported in the present paper. 

Catalytic vapor-phase ammoxidation on mixed oxides is an important class of industrial processes. Propene ammoxidation to acrylonitrile is a well established process for the synthesis of this widely used monomer and intermediate. Over the 40 years since its commercial introduction, the yield to acrylonitrile has nearly doubled to over 80% with the fourth generation of catalysts. This is due to the intensive research effort and understanding of the several factors underpinning catalytic activity. Commercial catalysts contain over 20 elements, the presence of all of which is necessary to optimize the catalytic behavior. 

Carbon-based polymer nano composites represent an interesting type of advanced materials with structural characteristics that allow them to be applied in a variety of fields. Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials provides homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interaction when they are incorporated into polymer matrices. These features confer superior properties to the polymer nanocomposites. This chapter focuses on nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes and graphene due to their importance as reinforcement fillers in polymer nanocomposites. The most common methods of synthesis and functionalization of these carbon nanomaterials are explained and different techniques of nanocomposite preparation are briefly described. The performance achieved in polymers by the introduction of carbon nanofillers in the mechanical and tribological properties is highlighted, and the hardness and scratching behavior of the nanocomposites are also discussed. 

Steroids constitute an important class of naturally occurring compounds that fill many important biological roles Cholesterol is a steroid, and sex hormones are steroids. People were—and still are— interested in the synthesis of steroids for medical use (the introduction of the culture-altering birth control pill hinged on a steroid synthesis). At this time however they were being confounded by some unexplained chemical behavior of steroids. During Fieser s lecture Barton, aware of Hassel s work because of his reading habits, realized he could explain the anomalous reactivity of steroids. 

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