Barium sulfide, preparation

Cement, dry process Cement, wet process, 44% water Limestone calcination Dolomite calcination Alumina preparation Barium sulfide preparation Ignition of inorganic pigments Iron pyrite roasting... 

Production. Zinc sulfide production started in the United States and in Europe in the 1920s. Starting in the early 1950s, 2inc sulfide, like most white pigments, was slowly replaced by the more superior titanium white. Zinc sulfide can be prepared by a process similar to the one used to manufacture Hthopone. In the first step, barium sulfide reacts with sodium sulfate to produce sodium sulfide solution ... 

Zinc sulfide can also be prepared by the direct reaction of barium sulfide and 2inc chloride solution ... 

Production. Commercial production of Hthopone started in the first half of the nineteenth century, and continued to grow until the middle of the twentieth century when titanium dioxide started to dominate the white, inorganic pigment market. Lithopone is prepared by combining barium sulfide and 2inc sulfate solutions at 50—60°C ... 

The barium sulfide needed for the reaction is prepared by the reduction of barite [13462-86-7] BaSO, with petroleum coke in a rotary furnace ... 

Barium sulfate [7727-43-7] BaSO, occurs as colorless rhombic crystals, mp 1580 °C (dec) sp gr 4.50 solubihty 0.000285 g/100 g H2O at 30°C and 0.00118 at 100°C. It is soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid, forming an acid sulfate dilution with water reprecipitates barium sulfate. Precipitated BaSO is known as blanc fixe, prepared from the reaction of aqueous solutions of barium sulfide and sodium sulfate. 

Barium acetate also may be prepared by treating barium sulfide with acetic acid, followed by slow evaporation and subsequent crystallization of the salt from the solution ... 

Barium bromide is prepared by the reaction of barium carbonate or barium sulfide with hydrobromic acid ... 

Barium chloride usually is prepared by treatment of barium sulfide with hydrochloric acid ... 

Barium hydroxide is made by dissolving barium oxide in hot water. The octahydrate, Ba(0H)2 8H20, crystaUizes upon cooling. It also is prepared by precipitation with caustic soda from an aqueous solution of barium sulfide ... 

Barium sulfide is prepared by heating barite with coal or petroleum coke in a rotary kiln at 1,000°C to 1,250°C in an oxygen-free atmosphere ... 

Baryta was first distinguished from lime in 1779 by Scheele, who prepared it from heavy spar, a naturally occurring barium sulfate. He reduced the sulfate to the sulfide by heating a sticky, pasty mixture of heavy spar, powdered charcoal, and honey. After decomposing the barium sulfide with hydrochloric acid, he added excess potassium carbonate to precipitate the barium as the carbonate (15). 

Zinc oxide (ZnO), which is produced by burning zinc vapor in atmospheric oxygen, is by far the most important compound of zinc. Under the name of zinc white, the oxide is used as a paint pigment. It is also used as a base in the manufacture of enamels and glass, and as a ruler in the fabrication of automobile tires and other kinds of rubber goods. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is also an important white paint pigment which is used either as such or in the form of lithopone, which is a mixture of zinc sulfide and barium sulfate. This widely used pigment is prepared by the metathetical reaction between zinc sulfate and barium sulfide, a reaction in which both of the products are insoluble ... 

Lithopone is manufactured by a process (Fig. 1) in which barium sulfide solution is prepared by reducing barite ore (BaS04) with carbon and leaching the resulting mass. 

Lithopone is a mixed zinc sulfide-barium sulfate pigment available in two types one containing 30 percent zinc sulfide and one containing 60 percent zinc sulfide. Coprecipitation is achieved by reacting an aqueous solution of zinc sulfate with barium sulfide. The barium sulfide solution is prepared by reducing barite ore (BaS04) with carbon. The equations are as follows ... 

Barium thiocyanate was first prepared by Berzelius, who roasted barium hexacyanoferrate(II) with sulfur. It has also been obtained by reaction of barium carbonate with a solution of thiocyanic acid, by conversion of ammonium thiocyanate through the copper (I) thiocyanate by consecutive reactions with copper(I) chloride and barium hydroxide, by treatment of Prussian blue with barium sulfide, and by reaction of barium sulfide, sulfur, and cyanamide. The procedure described below makes possible the preparation of barium thiocyanate in any desired quantity from barium hydroxide and ammonium thiocyanate as starting materials. The 3-hydrate, " which is obtained first, is dehydrated readily to yield anhydrous barium thiocyanate. 

According to the Colour Index (1971, Cl 77125) barium sulfide was prepared for use as a pigment by reducing barium sulfate. The resulting solntion consists of barium hydrosulphide and hydroxide . 

Barium reduces the oxides, haUdes, and sulfides of most of the less reactive metals, thereby producing the corresponding metal. It has reportedly been used to prepare metallic americium via reduction of americium trifluoride (13). However, calcium metal can, in most cases, be used for similar purposes and is usually preferred over barium because of lower cost per equivalent weight and nontoxicity (see Actinides and transactinides). 

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