Barium lead bismuthate

Sleight, A.W., Superconductive Barium-Lead-Bismuth Oxides. US Patent 3,932,315 (1976). 

One fateful day in 1980, as the people down at the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers like to tell the story, Rustum Roy, a physical chemist at Penn State, became disenchanted with his experiments in superconductivity, which is the ability of some substances, when cooled to very low temperatures, to conduct electricity without resistance and without loss. He had been experimenting for five years with ceramics—notably with a barium-lead-bismuth oxide mixture—but despite the long hours and the hard work, he could not get his concoction to superconduct at temperatures any higher than a few degrees above what one might encounter in outer space. 

Cesium Barium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth FJonhun Astatine Radon... 

A comparative study of the products of dehydration of the dihydrogen monophosphates of polyvalent cations showed that the stable end-products for cations with ionic radii between 0.57 and 1.03 A. (Cu++, Mg++, Ni++, Co++, Fe++, Mn++, Zn"1-1", Cd++, A1+++) are tetrametaphosphates. When the cations are either larger or smaller the end-products of dehydration are crystalline high-molecular polyphosphates (Li+, Be++, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ag+, Zn++, Cd++, Hg++, Ca++, Sr++, Ba++ Pb++, Cr+++, Fe+++, Bi+++). In the case of the alkali salts only sodium trimetaphosphate occurs as a condensed phosphate with a cyclic anion (304, 305). Up to the present, an alkali tctrametaphosphate has not been observed as the dehydration product of a dihydrogen monophosphate. Consequently, alkali tetrametaphosphates arc obtainable only indirectly. Reference is made later (Section IV,C,4) to the fact that the tetraphosphates of barium, lead, and bismuth are formed as crystalline phases from melts of the corresponding composition. There are also reports of various forms of several condensed phosphates of tervalent iron and aluminum (31, 242, 369). 

Cesium Barium Lanthanum Halnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Indium Platinum Gold Mercury Tnalllum Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon... 

Bismuth oxide forms a number of complex mixed-metal phases with the divalent metal oxides of calcium, strontium, barium, lead, and cadmium, and these show a wide variety in composition. With transition metal oxides, mixed-metal oxide phases have been observed which are based upon a Perovskite-type lattice (10) containing layers of Bi202. It is notable that the high Tc superconducting materials which include bismuth also have this Perovskite-type of lattice with layers of copper oxide interleaved with bismuth oxide layers. 

See also Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Cadmium Cesium Chromium Cobalt Copper Gallium Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury Metallothionein Molybdenum Nickel and Nickel Compounds Platinum Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Tellurium Thallium Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc. 

Antimony trioxide Barium carbonate Barium nitrate Bismuth oxide Cerium oxide Cobalt Copper nitrate (ic) Coumarone/indene resin Feldspar Lead oxide, yellow Molybdenum trioxide 2-Octanol Potassium carbonate Sulfur Zirconium silicate enamels, automotive Urea-formaldehyde resin enamels, baking Gilsonite... 

Barium sulfate Bismuth Lead Zinc bromide radiation treatment Iodine... 

Ce um Barium Lanthanum Haftmim Tantalum Tungst Rhsruum Osmium Irkfium Platinum Gold Mercury ThalBum Lead Bismuth PcAmum... 

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