TrimetaPhosphate, sodium

The hexahydrate is formed by the addition of anhydrous STP to water or by the hydrolysis of sodium trimetaphosphate [7785-84-4] (STMP), (NaP02)3, in alkaline media. The hexahydrate is stable at room temperature but undergoes rapid hydrolytic degradation to pyro- and orthophosphate upon drying. 

Other Tripolyphosphates. Potassium tripolyphosphate [24315-83-1] (KTP), K P O q, has a high aqueous solubihty (near 180 g/100 g) and has been used in place of STP for Hquid detergents. The potassium salt, however, is more expensive than STP. Sodium potassium tripolyphosphate (SKTP), Na K P O Q, is prepared by calcination of a feed Hquor having the proper Na20/K20ratio or by reaction of sodium trimetaphosphate with KOH. For some detergent or food appHcations, SKTP may provide the optimum compromise between solubihty and cost. 

The only tme metaphosphate (ring stmcture) of significant commercial interest is sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), Na P O. Because of the strain inherent in the small ring stmcture, STMP is more reactive toward nucleophiles than chain phosphates. In the presence of NaOH, for example, STMP forms sodium tripolyphosphate. 

Sodium trimetaphosphate was used as an eluting agent for the removal of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn and Cr from aqueous solutions. Distribution coefficients of these elements have been determined regarding five different concentrations of sodium trimeta phosphate (3T0 M 5T0 M 0.01 M 0.05 M 0.1 M) on this resin. By considering these distribution coefficients, the separation of heavy metals has been performed using a concentration gradient of 3T0 - 5T0 M sodium trimetaphosphate. Qualitative and quantitative determinations were realized by ICP-AES. 

It has been seen that this resin has also some important advantages over the other resins in the literature like high total ion exchange capacity, easy synthesis, lower cost, simple regeneration. Furthermore, very good sepai ations were obtained using a concentration gradient of elution. In these elutions, very low concentrations of sodium trimetaphosphate were used. As a result, the resin synthesized can be used as an adsorbent for the effective removal of Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn and Cr from aqueous solutions. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Sodium phosphate is generic term and includes the following (1) monosodium phosphate (MSP sodium phospWe, monobasic), (2) disodium phosphate (DSP sodium phosphate dibasic), (3) trisodium phosphate (TSP sodium phosphate, tribasic), (4) sodium acid pyrophosphate (ASPP SAPP disodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), (6) sodium metaphosphate (insoluble sodium metaphosphate), (7) sodium trimetaphosphate, and (9) sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP TPP) Chemical Formula (1) NaHjPO (2) Na HPO (3) NajPO (4) Na H P O, (5) Na P O, (6) (NaPOj) (7) (NaP03)3 (8) (NaP03) NaO (9) Na,P30,o. 

Any discussion of the prebiotic phosphorylation of nucleosides must take into account the probably neutral or alkaline conditions in a prebiotic environment. Some model phosphorylating systems have been studied, for example, the synthesis of /S-o-ribofuranose 1-phosphate from ribose and inorganic phosphate in the presence of cyanogen. Sodium trimetaphosphate will phosphorylate cw-glycols in good yield under alkaline... 

Kutun, S. and Akseli, A., New elution agent, sodium trimetaphosphate, for the separation and determination of rare earths by anion-exchange chromatography, /. Chromatogr. A, 847, 261, 1999. 

Various polyphosphates are effective sequestering agents under appropriate conditions. The best known of these is sodium hexametaphosphate (10.14), the cyclic hexamer of sodium orthophosphate. Further examples are the cyclic trimer sodium trimetaphosphate (10.15), as well as the dimeric pyrophosphate (10.16), the trimeric tripolyphosphate (10.17) and other linear polyphosphates (10.18). All of these polyanions function by withdrawing the troublesome metal cation into an innocuous and water-soluble complex anion by a process of ion exchange as shown in Scheme 10.7 for sodium hexametaphosphate. Hence these compounds are sometimes referred to as ion-exchange agents. 

Sodium trichloroacetate, 1 141 Sodium trichlorometaphosphimate, 4 54 Sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), 18 844, 847-848... 

When sodium trimetaphosphate Na3P309 was ground in humid air, the relative volume of the amorphous ingredient (determined from the X-ray diffraction data) and the lattice distortion increased with the duration t of the grinding186. The authors concluded that the variation of Qp was mainly attributable to production of an amorphous material . It is hoped that comparisons similar to those in Motooka s work will be more common in the future. 

Cross-linking Monostarch phosphate - Esterification with ortho-phosphoric acid, or sodium or potassium ortho-phosphate, or sodium tripolyphosphate Distarch phosphate - Esterification with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride Phosphated distarch phosphate - Combination oftreatments for monostarch phosphate and distarch phosphate... 

Dual modification Acetylated distarch phosphate - Esterification by sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride combined with esterification by acetic anhydride or vinyl acetate Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate - Esterification by sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride combined with etherification by propylene oxide... 

Woo, K. S., Seib, P. A. (1997). Cross-linking of wheat starch and hydroxypropylated wheat starch in alkaline slurry with sodium trimetaphosphate. Carbohydr. Polym., 33, 263-271. 

A comparative study of the products of dehydration of the dihydrogen monophosphates of polyvalent cations showed that the stable end-products for cations with ionic radii between 0.57 and 1.03 A. (Cu++, Mg++, Ni++, Co++, Fe++, Mn++, Zn"1-1", Cd++, A1+++) are tetrametaphosphates. When the cations are either larger or smaller the end-products of dehydration are crystalline high-molecular polyphosphates (Li+, Be++, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ag+, Zn++, Cd++, Hg++, Ca++, Sr++, Ba++ Pb++, Cr+++, Fe+++, Bi+++). In the case of the alkali salts only sodium trimetaphosphate occurs as a condensed phosphate with a cyclic anion (304, 305). Up to the present, an alkali tctrametaphosphate has not been observed as the dehydration product of a dihydrogen monophosphate. Consequently, alkali tetrametaphosphates arc obtainable only indirectly. Reference is made later (Section IV,C,4) to the fact that the tetraphosphates of barium, lead, and bismuth are formed as crystalline phases from melts of the corresponding composition. There are also reports of various forms of several condensed phosphates of tervalent iron and aluminum (31, 242, 369). 

The formation of potassium trimetaphosphate by condensation reactions at ordinary temperatures, and acid sodium trimetaphosphate, are dealt with in Sections VI,B,8 and V,A, respectively. 

Sodium Trimetaphosphate Sodium Tripolyphosphate Synthetic Wax (Ethylene Polymer) Tannic Acid... 

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