2,2 -Azobis 2- propane dihydrochloride

Joshi G, Perluigi M, Sultana R, Agrippino R, Calabrese V, Butterfield DA. 2006. In vivo protection of synaptosomes by ferulic acid ethyl ester (FAEE) from oxidative stress mediated by 2,2-azobis(2-amidino-propane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) or Fe(2 +)/ H(2jO(2) Insight into mechanisms of neuroprotection and relevance to oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Int 48 318-327. 

SCHEME 11.1 Native chemical ligation and a concept using amino acid having thiol at the (i position. Acm, acetamidomethyl PG, protecting group VA-044,1,2 - azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride. 

Regarding the initiation process of polymerization, it can be started by y-radiation. It is a method that has been used for the synthesis of hydrogels of PEO as well as hydrogels based on vinyl monomers " in this latter case, azo-compounds such as 2,2-azo-isobutyroni-trile (AIBN)f or 2,2 -azobis (2-amidine-propane) dihydrochloride or V-SO, and aqueous salt solutions such as aqueous ammonium peroxodisulfate are also used. Among the monomers most used in the preparation of hydrogels through free-radical polymerization are 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and A-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (VP). ... 

Thin layer chromatography Thiocarbonylsulfanylpropionic acid Ultra violet spectroscopy 2-Methylpropionamidine dihydrochloride 2,2 -Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]dihydrochloride... 

AAPM = 2, 2 -azobis (2-amidino propane) dihydrochloride. BPV-4 = Bovine Papilloma Virus type 4. 

Both molecular mass and sulfate content of fucoidan played very important roles in the effects on the azo radicals 2-2 -azobis (2-amidino-propane)dihydrochloride-induced LDL oxidation (Li et al., 2006). The correlation between the sulfate content and scavenging superoxide radical ability was positive, the ratio of sulfate content/fucose was an effective indicator to antioxidant activity of the samples (Wang et al., 2008). 

ABTS radical anions were used according to the method of (Kim et al., 2003). In brief, 1.0 mM of 2, 2 -azobis (2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), a radical initiator, was mixed with 2.5 mM ABTS in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) and the mixed solution was heated in a water bath at 68 °C for 13 min. The resulting blue-green ABTS solution was adjusted to the absorbance of 0.650 + 0.020 at 734 nm with additional phosphate-buffered saline. 20 il of sample were added to 980 (iL of the ABTS radical solution. The mixture incubated in a 37°C water bath under restricted light for 10 min. A control (20 iL 50% methanol and 980 mL of ABTS radical solution) was run with each series of samples. The decrease of the absorbance at 734 nm was measured (Cary 50 Scan UV-Visible apparatus) at an endpoint after 10 min. Total antioxidant capacity of plant parts is expressed as mg / g of dry weight of vitamin C equivalents (VCEAC). The radical stock solution had to be freshly prepared and all measurements of the tested samples were repeated at least three times. 

Azobis [2- [N-(4-chlorophenyl) amidino] propane] dihydrochloride. See 2,2 -Azobis [N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride... 

Synonyms 2,2 -Azobis [2-(N-phenylamidino) propane] dihydrochloride Uses Polymerization initiator Trade Name Synonyms VA-545 f[Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http //www.wako-... 

Azobis (2-methylpropionamide) dihydrochloride 2,2 -Azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride. See 2,2-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride 2,2 -Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile). See 2,2 -Azobisisobutyronitrile 2,2 -Azobis [2-(N-phenylamidino) propane] dihydrochloride. See 2,2 -Azobis (2-methyl-N-phenylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride 2,2 -Azobis [N-(2-propenyl)-2-methylpropionamide]... 

Azobis (2-methyl-N-phenylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride 2,2 -Azobis (2-methylpropane) 2,2 -Azobis (2-methylpropionamide) dihydrate 2,2 -Azobis [N-(2-propenyl)-2-methylpropionamide] 2,2 -Azobis [2-(3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yI) propane] dihydrochloride 2,2 -Azobis (2,4,4-trimethylpentane) n-Butyl-4,4-bis (t-butylperoxy) valerate t-Butyl hydroperoxide t-Butyl peroxycrotonate t-Butyl peroxyneoheptanoate Cerium Cumene hydroperoxide Cumyl peroxyneodecanoate o-Cumylperoxyneoheptanoate 1 -[(1 -Cyano-1 -methylethyl) azo] formamide Decanoyl chloride Decanoyl peroxide Di-t-amyl peroxide 2,2-Di (t-butylperoxy) butane Dicetyl peroxydicarbonate Dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate Dimethyl 2,2 -azobis (2-methylpropionate) 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di (benzoylperoxy) hexane 2,5-Dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydro peroxide Dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate Di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate Ethyidibutylperoxybutyrate 3,3,6,6,9,9-Hexamethyl 1,2,4,5-tetraoxa cyclononane Lauroyl chloride Pelargonyl peroxide, 2-Phenylazo-4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile Phosphine Potassium persulfate Sodium persulfate Succinic acid peroxide... 

Azobis [2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride VA-044 248-666-3 Bisomer CF Bisomer HPMA Bisomer HPMA Crude Bisomer HPMA XR BM-951... 

Polymerization of tetramethylammonium methacrylate was carried out in water at 45 °C in the presence of the water soluble dithiobenzoate RAFT agent 18 and with 2,2 -azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride (Wako VA-044) initiator. Methylation of the resultant poly(tetra-methylammonium methacrylate) with excess methyl iodide provided PMMA with Mn 8200, Mw/A/nl.l7 and/nm.-/nr.-rr 2 21 77 compared to poly(methacrylic add) under similar conditions with mm.mrrr 3 34 63 (this is similar to PMMA obtained by bulk polymerization for which mm.mrrr 3 35 62). Polymerization of salts (Na, K, Cs) methacrylic acid with inorganic counterions also gave a more syndiotactic polymer though the effect appears smaller... 

For example, the water-soluble 2,2 -azobis-(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) generates free radicals in the aqueous phase, and the oil-soluble, 2,2 -azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (DMVN) generates free radicals within the lipid phase. These azo compounds decompose thermally at a known and constant rate (K ), to produce two radicals (A ) and nitrogen. 

The lipophilic a-tocopherol and its hydrophilic analog Trolox also behave quite differently in linoleic acid micelles compared to phosphatidylcholine liposomes. With micelles of linoleic acid in SDS initiated with a water-soluble initiator [2,2 -azobis-(2-amidino propane) dihydrochloride, ABAP], a-toco-pherol was much less active than Trolox (Table 10.16). With phosphatidylcholine liposomes initiated with a lipid-soluble initiator AMVN, a-tocopherol and Trolox had about the same antioxidant activity. Linoleic acid and SDS form mixed micelles in the aqueous phase in which the polar antioxidant Trolox equilibrates more rapidly and becomes more effective than in liposomes. Also, Trolox can efficiently trap radicals from the water-soluble initiator ABAP. 

Marchantin H is a natural compound isolated from Marchantia diptera (Wu 1990). Marchantins are naturally phenolic structures isolated from different species of liverwort (Tori et al. 1985, Asakawa et al. 1987). Marchantin H could scavenge the stable free radical l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and per-oxyl radical derived from 2,2 -azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride in aqueous phase, but not the peroxyl radical derived from 2,2 -azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) in hexane (Hsiao et al. 1996). It was reactive toward superoxide anion generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. Marchantin H inhibited copper-catalysed oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein, as measured by... 

The oxidation of LDL in vitro by either 10 pM cupric chloride or 5mM 2,2 -azobis (2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride was inhibited in a concentration-dependent maimer by melatonin (Kelly et al. 1996). After the incubation of LDL with cupric chloride, the associated rise in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was reduced when melatonin was also present. Assuming similar relationships in... 

Azobis(2-(l-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane) dihydrochloride monohydrate (VA060)... 

The radical polymerization of aqueous NVP solution in droplets was carried out at different temperatures and concentrations. An exemplary polymerization of an aqueous solution of 20 m% NVP and 0.25 mol-% 2,2 -Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride (VA-044) under nitrogen atmosphere at a gas temperature of 70 °C is presented and analyzed in the following part [21]. The droplet was investigated over the reaction time by the noncontact methods shadowgraphy and Raman spectroscopy. 

CAS 27776-21-2 EINECS/ELINCS 248-655-3 Synonyms 2,2 -Azobis (N,N -dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride Empirical C7H14N6 2CIH Properties Wh. to paleyel. cryst. powd. sol. in water, hexane si. sol. in methanol insol. in toluene m.w. 323.27 m.p. 188-193 C (dec.) Storage Store below 40 C out of direct sunlight Uses Polymerization initiator Manuf./Distrib. Aldrich http //www.sigma-aldrich.com] Wako Chem. USA Trade Name Synonyms VA-044 [Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http //www.wako-chem.co.Jp/english/] Wako Chem. USA] 2,2 -Azobis [2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane) disulfate CAS 20858-12-2... 

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