Automatic Looping Takes

Every time you click the Start and Stop button in the Record dialog box, a new track and a new file are created. Takes can also automatically be recorded to a single track as you use looping playback to continuously record takes without interruption. 

Create a loop region above the timeline on the Marker bar. The loop region should probably start a few measures before the actual position where you want to begin recording to give the performers time to get ready for their cue. 

Position the timeline cursor at the beginning of the Loop region. 

Click the Record button. Make sure the position in the Record from section is correct (at the beginning of the Loop region). 

Playback will loop, and you can continue to record takes until you are satisfied. Click the Stop button to stop. 

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The next section of the main loop takes care of events that aren t directly caused by the player s commands. We can call these routines automatic, for they happen independently of what s typed in. An adventure can be written without any automatic routines, but having even a few things outside the player s control gives a much greater sense of realism and excitement. 

An automatic controller is an error-sensitive, self-correcting device. It takes a signal from the process and feeds it back into the process. Therefore, closed-loop control is referred to as feedback control. 

Substantial effort in modelling and/or experimental measurement is required in order to derive GFFA(s) and GFFB(s). Due to errors in determining the individual transfer functions (GM(s), G 2(s), etc.), to errors in measurement, and to load variables which have not been accounted for in the models, feed-forward compensation can never be perfect, and considerable drifting of the controlled variable(s) can occur. On the other hand, the two variable feed-forward control model expressed by equation 7.165 automatically takes into account any interaction between the reflux and steam flow control loops (see also Section 7.15). 

Sample introduction is a major hardware problem for SFC. The sample solvent composition and the injection pressure and temperature can all affect sample introduction. The high solute diffusion and lower viscosity which favor supercritical fluids over liquid mobile phases can cause problems in injection. Back-diffusion can occur, causing broad solvent peaks and poor solute peak shape. There can also be a complex phase behavior as well as a solubility phenomenon taking place due to the fact that one may have combinations of supercritical fluid (neat or mixed with sample solvent), a subcritical liquified gas, sample solvents, and solute present simultaneously in the injector and column head [2]. All of these can contribute individually to reproducibility problems in SFC. Both dynamic and timed split modes are used for sample introduction in capillary SFC. Dynamic split injectors have a microvalve and splitter assembly. The amount of injection is based on the size of a fused silica restrictor. In the timed split mode, the SFC column is directly connected to the injection valve. Highspeed pneumatics and electronics are used along with a standard injection valve and actuator. Rapid actuation of the valve from the load to the inject position and back occurs in milliseconds. In this mode, one can program the time of injection on a computer and thus control the amount of injection. In packed-column SFC, an injector similar to HPLC is used and whole loop is injected on the column. The valve is switched either manually or automatically through a remote injector port. The injection is done under pressure. 

Fig. 29. Origin of systematic errors in spite of potentially error-free analysis. On-line sampling setups (top) and time trajectories of limiting substrate concentration during sample preparation in the two paradigmatic setups depending on the actual culture density (bottom). Either a filter in bypass loop is used for the preparation of cell-free supernatant (upper part in top insert) or an aliquot of the entire culture is removed using an automatic sampler valve and a sample bus for further inactivation and transport of the samples taken (lower part). Both methods require some finite time for sample transportation from the reactor outlet (at z = 0) to the location where separation of cells from supernatant or inactivation by adding appropriate inactivators (at z = L) takes place. During transport from z = 0 to z = L, the cells do not stop consuming substrate. A low substrate concentration in the reactor (namely s KS) and a maximal specific substrate consumption rate of 3 g g h 1 were assumed in the simulation example to reflect the situation of either a fed-batch or a continuous culture of an industrially relevant organism such as yeast. The actual culture density (in g 1 1) marks some trajectories in the mesh plot. Note that the time scale is in seconds...

In addition to the two-point temperature control, other temperature measurements and control loops in each zone can be added to act as control monitors. Through low select devices on the output signal, these monitors can automatically take control of energy input to prevent hot spots. With sufficient monitors, overshooting of product temperature can be eliminated. 

Provide warning systems which allow the crew to immediately recognise the problem and take appropriate corrective action. Consider the implication of multiple simultaneous warning (e.g. from cascade failures) and their impact on crew workload and performance (see Chapter 10). Ensure that the pilot is kept in the loop . For instance, an autopilot may automatically cope with a series of developing problems without informing the crew. When it reaches a point where the autopilot cannot control the aircraft, it may then suddenly drop a complex situation in the lap of the pilot. 

A set of equipment intended to reduce the risk due to a specific hazard (a safety loop). Its purpose is to (1) automatically take an industrial process to a safe state when specified conditions are violated (2) permit a process to move forward in a safe manner when specified conditions allow (permissive functions) (3) take action to mitigate the consequences of an industrial hazard. It includes elements that detect when an incident is imminent, decide to take action, and then carry out the action needed to bring the process to a safe state. Its ability to detect, decide, and act is designated by the safety integrity level (SIL) of the function. See also Safety Integrity Level (SIL). 

A sample of paste is automatically taken, diluted with water by a factor of ten and the pH continuously measured. The measured pH value influences the setting of the pH control valve, which is connected in parallel to the main flow control valve for sodium hydroxide. The control loop for the main flow control valve has to be set to the amount of NaOH necessary for neutralisation, and fine dosing takes place via the pH control valve in the pH control loop. 

Limited possibilities of using automation or guarding to block certain actions in certain circumstances, or to take actions over. Examples are interlocks on machines which prevent access when the machine is under power or in motion, or automatic train protection systems which apply the brakes if a frain passes a red signal. The latter example is one which leaves the human in the loop to take the decision, but intervenes in clear emergency situations to cope with human failures. We can contrast this with automatic shutdown systems, which take the decision-making away from fhe person and fake fhem out of the loop. The person then has to intervene if fhe automatic system fails, an almost impossible task if fhis occurs very infrequently (e.g. once every few years) . 

Do not construe this to mean that you cannot use other companies loop files and libraries in ACID. Just about any audio file in any of a large number of popular formats can be used in ACID. These files will not have the beat, pitch, or tempo inherent in an AQD loop, so they will not automatically be adjusted by ACID to match the project— but they will certainly work as well as any other audio file. ACID will take its best guess about tempo and beat information and will very frequently get it right, but pitch information will not be detected. All of this information can be added by the user, as detailed later in this chapter. 

Complicated calculations are needed to define the optimum oil pressure in the different zones in order to give the best approximation to the desired CD line load profiles. These have to take into account all elastic bending characteristics not only of the deflection control roll itself but also the whole roll system involved. A control system based on these models assists the operator or closes the control loop in automatic operation. 

The logical next step is to modify the walk-generation process so that walks with loops of length < r are automatically absent. Let us start by building the walk out of strides of r steps.That is, let us enumerate in advance all the r-step SAWs—call them (Obviously this takes... 

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