Autologous bone marrow stem cells

Outside the AMI setting, stem cells have been used to treat patients with ischemic heart disease with or without systolic functional compromise and patients unsuitable for myocardial revascularization (Tables 7.3 and 7.4). Autologous bone marrow stem cells have been used to treat patients with chronic myocardial ischemia, including ischemic heart failure with or without systolic functional compromise, and patients ineligible for myocardial revascularization (Table 7.4). The preliminary clinical evidence supports the efficacy of this new therapy and, at this point, all the evidence appears to substantiate its safety. 

Stamm C, Westphal B, Kleine HD, Petzsch M, Kittner C, Klinge H, Schumichen C, Nienaber CA, Freund M, Steinhoff G. Autologous bone-marrow stem-cell transplantation for myocardial regeneration. Lancet 2003 361 45 6. 

Autologous bone marrow stem cell intracoronary injections in acute myocardial infarction... 

Autologous bone marrow stem cells for chronic stable angina and ischemic cardiomyopathy without the option of revascularization... 

Autologous Transplant The patient donates his or her own bone marrow or stem cells before treatment, for reinfusion later. This happens when a patient is receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy in such a high dose that the bone marrow is destroyed. The bone marrow stem cells collected previously are reinjected into the patient to reinforce the immune system. 

G-CSF is widely used to mobilise bone marrow stem cells into the peripheral blood to support both autologous and allogeneic peripheral blood progenitor transplantation. The use of peripheral blood progenitors as opposed to bone marrow progenitors is associated with earlier neutrophil and platelet recovery, fewer red cell transfusions and earlier discharge from hospital. 

Adult stem cells include skeletal myoblasts and bone marrow stem cells. Skeletal myoblasts are highly resistant to ischemia, they are harvested as autologous cells and differentiate efficiently into adult skeletal muscle after transplantation. Electromechanical coupling between mature skeletal grafts and cardiac muscle has yet to be demonstrated. Furthermore, arrhythmias are reported to occur with the use of skeletal myoblasts.255... 

In this study, autologous CD34-positive bone marrow stem cells were retrovirally modified to express the functional yc chain gene. T-cells and other hematopoietic cells derived form corrected stem cells were shown to repopulate the hematopoietic cell compartment, and over a period of up to 3 years, 11 treated patients, mostly newborns, displayed a functional and nearly normal immune system. This represents the first reproducible cure of a disease by gene therapy. 

The power of these stem cell treatments was further corroborated by a study that explored if such medical interventions could promote amputation-free survival, a metric not previously reported on in prior studies. Murphy et al recruited 29 patients with CLI, injected autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells, and conducted, at the time, some of the most thorough endpoint measurements that had been reported in the literature [40]. Most importantly, the... 

Bartsch, T., Brehm, M., Zeus, T., Kogler, G., WemeL P., Strauer, B.E. Transplantation of autologous mononuclear bone marrow stem cells in patients with peripheral arterial disease (the tam-pad study). Clinical Research in Cardiology Official Journal of the German Cardiac Society 96, 891-899 (2007)... 

Adult bone marrow-derived stem cells are presently the cell types most widely utilized in cardiac stem cell therapy. A heterogeneous subset, termed autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (ABMMNCs), is composed of small amounts of stromal or MSCs, HPCs, EPCs, and more committed cell lineages, such as natural killer lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and others [2]. 

Chen SL, Fang WW, Ye F, Liu YH, Qian J, Shan SJ, Zhang JJ, Chunhua RZ, Liao LM, LinS, Sun JP. Effect on left ventricular function of intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2004 94 92-95. 

Harter C, Schulze B, Goldschmidt H, Benner A, Geiss HK, Hoppe-Tichy T et al. Piperachlin/tazobactam vs ceftazidime in the treatment of neutropenic fever in patients with acute leukemia or foUowing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation a prospective randomized trial. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006 37 373-79. 

High-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell reconstitution for solid tumors McGuire, W.P. (1998). Curr Probl Cancer, 22 (3) 135-77. 

Janssens SDC, Bogaert J, Theunissen K, et al. Autologous bone marrow-derived stem-cell transfer in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006 367 1 13-121. 

In eastern Europe. Letoozim , a mixture of the papaya proteinases, is used for the treatment of eye burns [115] as well as for some cases of cataract [1161. Recently, a new application for chymopapain has been reported, Chymodiactin has been used in the process of removal of tumor cells from autologous marrow grafts in a positive selection system [117,118], This process clears the way for the use of autologous bone marrow transplants in the treatment of several types of cancer, since the authors showed tlst hemopoietic stem cells, the nrecyr ors of al lymphohemopoietic lineages, are present in cell mixtures purified in this way [119],... 

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