Autoimmune arthritis

Yoshitomi H, Sakaguchi N, Kobayashi K, et al. A role for fungal fi-glucans and their receptor Dectin-1 in the induction of autoimmune arthritis in genetically susceptible mice. J Exp Med 2005 201(6) 949-960. 

Sakaguchi N, Takahashi T, Hata H, et al. Altered thymic T-cell selection due to a mutation of the ZAP-70 gene causes autoimmune arthritis in mice. Nature 2003 426(6965) 454 160. 

Autoimmune diseases may have an acute or a chronic insidious onset with a chronic progressive course with varying periods of severe or mild disease activity and spontaneous remissions in a minority of patients. Inherent to the initially chronic progression, reversible autoimmune inflammation and disability are susceptible to effective therapy when still no irreversible organ damage has occurred. Nowadays these reversible joint or organ changes in autoimmune arthritis and autoimmune nephritis can be normalized with novel treatment modalities. 

Gouty arthritis, chronic gout, and chronic tophaceous gout is easily treatable and controllable compared with autoimmune arthritis or OA. Chronic tophaceous gout requires lifetime urate lowering drugs and to a lesser extent restriction of purine-rich food. 

Baharav E, Bar-Yehuda S, Madi L, Silberman D, Rath-Wolfson L, Halpren M, Ochaion A, Weinberger A, Fishman P (2005) Antiinflammatory effect of A3 adenosine receptor agonists in murine autoimmune arthritis models. J Rheumatol 32(3) 469-476 Banchereau J, Steinman RM (1998) Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. Nature 392(6673) 245-252... 

Kuhn, K. A., L. Kulik, B. Tomooka, K. J. Braschler, W. P. Arend, W. H. Robinson, and V. M. Holers. 2006. Antibodies against citrullinated proteins enhance tissue injury in experimental autoimmune arthritis. J. Clin. Invest. 116 961-973. 

Theofilopoulous AN, Koundouris S, Kono DH, Lawson BR. The role of IFN-gamma in systemic lupus erythematosus a challenge to the Thl/Th2 paradigm in autoimmunity. Arthritis Res 2001 3 136-141. 

Suspicions were expressed in the Mealey Publication s Drug and Medical Device Report that the Lyme disease vaccine LYMErix could cause an incurable form of autoimmune arthritis. It was hjrpothesized that blood concentrations of OspA after three doses of vaccine place vaccinees classified by genetic type HLA-DR4-I- at risk of developing treatment-resistant Ljme arthritis. The premarket trials for the vaccine were assessed by an independent advisory committee, which found no link between Ljme disease immunization and autoimmune arthritis (10). However, the committee stressed the need for long-term surveillance and further studies in those over 70 years and in children, and the effect of the vaccine in patients with chronic arthritis the possible development of autoimmunity deserves further study (11). After licensing of the vaccine, more than 1 rmlfion Americans received it and no unusual adverse effects were reported to the manufacturer (10). 

Tournade H, Guery J-C, Pasquier R, Vial MC, Mandet C, Druet E, Dansette PM, Druet P, Pelletier L Effect of the thiol group on experimental gold-induced autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheum. 1991 34 1594-1599. 

Tarkowski A, Sun JB, Holmdahl R et ak Treatment of experimental autoimmune arthritis by nasal administration of a Type II collagen-cholera toxoid conjugate vaccine. Arthritis Rheum 1999 42(8) 1628-1634. 

Luross JA, Heaton T, Hirst TR et aL Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit prevents autoimmune arthritis through induction of regulatory CD4+ T-cells. Arthritis Rheum 2002 46(6) 167M682. 

Van Eden W (1991) Heat-shock proteins as immunogenic bacterial antigens with the potential to induce and regulate autoimmune arthritis. Immunol Rev 121 5-28 Waalkes MP, Goering PL (1990) Metallothionein and other cadmium-binding proteins recent developments. Chem Res Toxicol 3 281-288 Waalkes MP, Ward JM (1989) Induction of hepatic metallothionein in male B6C3F1 mice exposed to hepatic tumor promoters effects of phenobarbital, acetaminophen, sodium barbital, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 100 217-226... 

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multisystem disorder in which immunological abnormalities characteristically result in symmetrical joint inflammation, articular erosions and extra-articular complications. It is the most common and disabling autoimmune arthritis, and genetic susceptibility is well defined. The production of increased amounts of IgG and the presence of rheumatoid factor (immunoglobulins directed against the Fc portion of IgG) are two characteristic features associated with RA [36]. 

To investigate potential mechanisms controlling protein glycosylation we have studied the inter-relationship between lymphocytic GTase activity and serum aga-lactosylated immunoglobulin G levels, GO in healthy individuals and patients with RA and non-autoimmune arthritis [42]. In RA there was reduced GTase activity (Figure 9) and increased GO. A positive linear correlation between B and T cell... 

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