Atlantic Refining Company

Atlantic Refining Company introduces the tower still refinery, in which petroleum is separated in a continuous process rather than in batches. 

Catforming [Catalytic reforming] A catalytic reforming process using a platinum catalyst on a silica/alumina support. Developed by the Atlantic Refining Company and first operated in 1952. 

Met-X A continuous process for removing traces of metals from cracking catalysts by ion-exchange. Developed by Atlantic Refining Company and first operated in Philadelphia in 1961. 

Present address The Atlantic Refining Company. Research and Development Department. 300 South Ridgeway Ave., Glenolden. Pa. 19036... 

The timing of the petroleum companies entry into the chemical industry determined their long-term position in the industry. The four that commercialized petrochemicals before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor— Standard Oil of New Jersey (Exxon by 1993), Shell, Standard Oil of California (Chevron by 1993), and Phillips—were the first movers. By the 1950s they had become the leaders in the basic feedstocks and commodity polymers such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene. Those companies that entered after 1941 achieved success by focusing on specific niche products in the manner of the smaller U.S. companies. As shown in Table 1.1, these include Arco (Atlantic Refining Company), Amoco (Standard Oil of Indiana), Ashland, and BP America (acquirer of Standard Oil of Ohio). 

This work has been made possible by a grant from the Atlantic Refining Company, the Esso Research and Engineering Company, and the Gulf Research and Development Company to The Franklin Institute Laboratories for fundamental studies in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. This support is greatefully acknowledged. 

We can start one thread in 1955, when the Texas Butadiene and Chemical Corporation bought the LyondeU Country Club in Channelview, Texas, and built a plant on that site. Sinclair Petrochemicals then purchased the Channelview site in 1962. Atlantic Refining Company and Richfield Oil Corporation formed Atiantic Richfield (ARCO) in 1966, which merged in 1969 with Sinclair, so the Channelview... 

Frasch s creative mind continued to work on petroleum. Between 1880 and 1900, thirty-four patents were filed by Standard Oil, half of which originated with Frasch. In 1895, another major invention was made by Frasch, the acidizing of an oil well to increase production, but this was not for Standard. Patents for the process were issued the following year (U.S. patent 556,651, 556,669). The acid reacted with the limestone rock, releasing carbon dioxide gas that opened up fissures in the rock. This process freed trapped oil pockets. Frasch had worked on this project with John W. Van Dyke (1849 - 1939). Frasch had known Van Dyke from the Solar Refinery years, where the latter had been the Superintendent of the revolutionary refinery for sour oil. On April 1, 1896, they assigned the patents to Van Dyke s company, the Oil Well Acid Treatment Company of Lima, Ohio. Van Dyke later led the Standard Oil spin-off company, the Atlantic Refining Company (later becoming part of ARCO and now part of BP). 

Although the basic principle of mass spectrometry (MS) was discovered as early as 1910 by Sir J. J. Thomson, it was not untU the end of World War II that MS was first developed for analyses of gas and hydrocarbon mixtures [1], Almost all of the mass spectrometers at that time were made by researchers or specialists. The first commercial mass spectrometer manufactured by Consolidated Engineering Corporation (CEC) was delivered to the Atlantic Refining Company in 1946 for analysis of hydrocarbon fractions in gasoline boiling range [2]. Since then, the petroleum industry has pioneered the use of MS in chemical research. Many advances in MS were driven by the needs of the petroleum industry for analyzing components in complex mixtures. 

The mixed vanadium pentoxide/phosphorous pentoxide (with niobium, copper, lithium promoters) catalyst used by Petrotex was, at the time, a further step change in the catalyst types used for hydrocarbon oxidatiom It also eventually contributed to a better understanding of the catalyst structures used in oxidation reactions. The catalyst must have evolved from the accumulated experience obtained with a variety of mixed oxide catalysts and had a composition similar to that shown in Table 4.8. Distillers patented a molybdenum triox-ide/phosphorous pentoxide catalyst, and the Atlantic Refining Company took out a patent for a vanadium pentoxide/phosphorous pentoxide catalyst specifically for butene-2 oxidation. The vanadiitm pentoxide catalyst gave higher yields. 

The optical density (O.D.) color scale of the Atlantic Refining Company is direct proportional to the depth of color. See page 389. 

Although most facilities that refine crude petroleum in the United States produce a fuel oil. no. 1 fraction (HSDB 1991), only producers that market fuel oil no. 1 as an end product are listed as commercial manufacturers. These manufacturers include Claiborne Gasoline Company (Claiborne and Union Parish, Louisiana), Continental Oil Company (Acadia Parish, Louisiana), Sun Production Company (Starr County, Texas), Exxon Corporation (Pledger County, Texas), Atlantic Richfield Company (New York, New York), and Shell Oil Company (Houston, Texas) (HSDB 1991). Since fuel oils nos. 1, 1-D, 2, 2-D, and 4, and fuel oil UNSP are not required to be reported under SARA Section 313, there are no data for these fuel oils in the 1990 Toxics Release Inventory (TRI90 1992). 

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