Aspirin colon cancer

Dietary and pharmacologic agents influence the risk of colon cancer. Diets high in fat and low in fiber are associated with increased colon cancer risk, whereas the regular use of aspirin (and other NSAIDs) and calcium supplementation may decrease the risk of colon cancer. 

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, aspirin, and acetaminophen have been suggested for use in the prevention of different cancers, especially hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer.14 While there have been observational studies linked to a reduction of ovarian carcinoma risk, evidence is still lacking. Potential... 

In addition to their beneficial effects, some medications may actually cause cellular injury and disease. An example of this phenomenon involves nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). These drugs include aspirin (a derivative of salicylic acid), ibuprofen (arylpropionic acid, Advil ), and acetaminophen (para-aminophenol derivative, Tylenol ). Because of their beneficial pharmacological effects, consumption of these agents has increased significantly in recent years. NSAIDS have the ability to treat fever, pain, acute inflammation, and chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis. They are also used prophylactically to prevent heart disease, stroke, and colon cancer. 

Epidemiological evidence reveals that individuals who take aspirin or NSAIDs have a 40-50% reduced risk of developing colon cancer and its nonmalignant precursor, the adenomatous polyp (4,43-46). Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a disease inher-... 

Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, Heath CW Jr, et al. Aspirin use and reduced risk of fatal colon cancer. New Engl J Med 1991 325 1593-1596. 

Gupta RA, DuBois RN. Aspirin, NS AID, and colon cancer prevention mechanisms Gastroenterology 1998 114 1095-1100. 

Several NSAIDs (including aspirin) appear to reduce the incidence of colon cancer when taken chronically. Several large epidemiologic studies have shown a 50% reduction in relative risk when the drugs are taken for 5 years or longer. The mechanism for this protective effect is... 

Epidemiologic studies suggest that long-term use of aspirin at low dosage is associated with a lower incidence of colon cancer, possibly related to its COX-inhibiting effects. 

ASPIRIN. [CAS 50-78-2]. A drug used for nearly a century to relieve headaches and geneial aches and pains and to leduce the swelling and pain associated with joints (gout, ague, rheumatoid arthritis). In recent years, attention to aspirin for its apparent role m reducing heart attacks (coronary thrombosis) and strokes has increased, Trial studies also are underway for its use in reducing the risk of fatal colon cancer. 

Much current research relating to aspirin and heart attacks and strokes is going forward, principally in the form of trial study groups, with emphasis on the effects of dosage. The findings of aspirin s advantage in connection with fatal colon cancer arc in their early and debatable study phases. 

There is now considerable evidence that regular aspirin use decreases the risk of colorectal cancer.1,49,58 It has been estimated, for example, that people who use aspirin on a regular basis have a 40 to 50 percent lower risk of fatal colon cancer as compared with people who do not use aspirin.78 Aspirin might also help prevent other types of cancers (e.g., skin, bladder, prostate can-... 

Epidemiological evidence indicates that patients who have taken longterm NSAID therapy or aspirin have a reduced incidence of colon cancer. 

Aspirin, now commonly used for prevention of CHD and colon cancer, combined with butyrate exerted stronger anti-proliferate and pro-apoptotic effects than either alone. 

Epidemiological Study of Colon Cancer Various Nutrients and Colon Cancer Aspirin and Colon Cancer Isothiocyanates Possible Anticancer Agents from Vegetables Ascorbic Acid Possible Anticancer Agent from Fruits and Vegetables Peroxynitrite A Form of Toxic Oxygen Chronic Exposure Theory Summary References Bibliography... 

Figure 11.13. Results from an epidenuological study involving 764,343 adults. The subjects were followed for 6 years. During this period 1150 subjects died from colon cancer. Using techniques conventional to epidemiology, the researchers divided the subjects, and their dietary patterns, into various groups. The results indicated lower risks for colon cancer with increased aspirin consumption (in men and women), and lower risks for colon cancer with increased plant consumption (in women only). (Redrawn with permission from Thim et al, 1992.)...

In certain patient populations, the risk of colon cancer may be reduced by the use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, hormone replacement therapy, and calcium supplementation. 

Thus, consider, for instance, ubiquitous aspirin, which is given a chapter in Moss s book. Studies have shown that aspirin intake may reduce colon cancer risk by some 50%. The effect seems to be enhanced by also taking nicotinic add (niacin), or vitamin B3. 

Cancer Chemoprevention Epidemiological studies suggested that frequent use of aspirin is associated with as much as a 50% decrease in the risk of colon cancer and similar observations have been made with other cancers. NSAIDs have been used in patients with familial adenomatous... 

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