Aqua Regia, Diluted

Digestion with boiling aqua regia. Dilution and centrifugation with final measurement by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy). 

Elemental composition Hg 86.22%, S 13.78%. The compound may be identified from its physical properties and also by x-ray methods. The compound may be heated in a current of air and SO2 formed may be analyzed by GC-FID or GC-FPD. Mercury(II) sulfide may be digested with aqua regia, diluted appropriately, and analyzed for mercury metal by AA using cold vapor method or by ICP-AES (see Mercury). 

Praesodymium salts can be identified nondestructively by x-ray diffraction. The metal can be analyzed by atomic absorption or emission spectroscopy. The water insoluble oxide and other compounds may be digested with aqua regia, diluted, and analyzed by AA or ICP. 

Elemental composition Rh 49.17%, Cl 50.83%. Rhodium is analyzed in an aqueous solution (or after dissolving in water) by AA or other techniques. Insoluble chloride is extracted with aqua regia, diluted, and analyzed to determine the rhodium content using various instrumental techniques. The chloride may be decomposed at elevated temperatures and liberated chlorine identified by color and other physical properties. Chlorine may be measured quantitatively by dissolving in an acidified solution of potassium iodide and titrating liberated iodine with a standard solution of sodium thiosulfate, using starch indicator. 

Elemental composition Ag 57.45%, Br 42.55%. Silver bromide is digested with aqua regia, diluted and analyzed for silver by flame- or furnace-AA, or ICP-AES. The aqueous solution is appropriately diluted and analyzed for bromide by ion chromatography. 

Elemental composition Te 79.95%, O 20.05%. The compound can be identified by its physical and x-ray properties. Tellurium content may be measured by digesting the dioxide in HCl or aqua regia, diluting the solution, and analyzing by AA or ICP. 

Elemental composition Ti 95.95%, H 4.04%. A measured amount of hydride is decomposed at about 450°C and the volume of liberated hydrogen is measured. The hydride is digested cautiously in aqua regia, diluted and analyzed for titanium. 

Experiment 194. — Mix 5 cc. each of lead nitrate, silver nitrate, and mercurous nitrate solutions, and add dilute hydrochloric acid drop by drop, until precipitation ceases. Separate and test the lead as in Exp. 193. Pierce a hole in the point of the filter paper with a glass rod, and wash the mixed precipitates of silver and mercurous chlorides into a test tube with dilute ammonium hydroxide. Warm gently and shake. Filter, and test the filtrate for silver as in Exp. 193. The black residue (see Exp. 166 (<2)).is a sufficient test for mercury. Its presence may be confirmed thus Dissolve the black precipitate in a very little aqua regia, dilute with water, and add a clean copper wire remove the wire in a few minutes, wipe gently, and mercury will be seen on the wire as a bright silvery coating. 

The spirits of sal-ammoniac added to solutions of platina (in aqua regia) diluted with distilled water, precipitated a fine red sparkling powder which exsiccated and exposed to the fire in an iron ladle became blackish without at all fulminating, which calces of gold, prepared in the same manner, do violently. 

Dissolve 1.000 g Pt in 40 ml of hot aqua regia, evaporate to incipient dryness, add 10 ml HCI and again evaporate to moist residue. Add 10 ml HCI and dilute to volume. 

Determination of palladium with dimethylglyoxime Discussion. This is one of the best methods for the determination of the element. Gold must be absent, for it precipitates as the metal even from cold solutions. The platinum metals do not, in general, interfere but moderate amounts of platinum may cause a little contamination of the precipitate, and with large amounts a second precipitation is desirable. The precipitate is decomposed by digestion on the water bath with a little aqua regia, and diluted with an equal volume of... 

Because of its high cost gold is rarely used as a material of construction. It is highly resistant to attack by dilute nitric acid and hot concentrated sulphuric acid, but is dissolved by aqua regia (a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulphuric acids). It is attacked by chlorine and bromine, and forms an amalgam with mercury. 

Evolution of phosphine is slow in contact with water or alkali, but explosively violent in contact with dilute mineral acids [1], However, reports of violent interaction with concentrated or dilute hydrochloric acid, and of explosive reaction with 1 1 aqua regia, have been questioned [2],... 

Nickel was first isolated in 1751, and a relatively pure metal was prepared in 1804. In nature, nickel is found primarily as oxide and sulfide ores (USPHS 1977). It has high electrical and thermal conductivities and is resistant to corrosion at environmental temperatures between -20°C and +30°C (Chau and Kulikovsky-Cordeiro 1995). Nickel, also known as carbonyl nickel powder or C.I. No. 77775, has a CAS number of 7440-02-0. Metallic nickel is a hard, lustrous, silvery white metal with a specific gravity of 8.9, a melting point of about 1455°C, and a boiling point at about 2732°C. It is insoluble in water and ammonium hydroxide, soluble in dilute nitric acid or aqua regia, and slightly soluble in hydrochloric and sulfuric acid. Nickel has an atomic weight of 58.71. Nickel is... 

A 10 g sample is roasted at 650°C and decomposed with hydrochloric acid/hydrogen peroxide. The Pt and Pd in the solution is pre-concentrated using adsorbent materials which are composed of active charcoal and anion resin. The adsorbent materials are washed sequentially with 2% ammonium bifluoride, 5% hydrochloric acid and distilled water, and subsequently ashed in a muffle furnace at 650°C. The total residue of ca. 0.25 mg is dissolved with 2 ml fresh aqua regia, then diluted to 5ml using 10% hydrochloric solution, and determined using ICP-MS, which has a detection limit of 0.2 ppb for Pt and Pd. The residue can also be mixed with a spectral buffer, and determined by DC-arc ES, which has detection limits of 0.3 ppb for Pt and 0.2 ppb for Pd. 

Metallic technetium dissolves in oxidizing acids such as dilute or concentrated nitric acid, in aqua regia and in concentrated sulfuric acid. It is insoluble in hydrochlorid acid of any strength. The oxidizing dissoluion leads to colorless TcO. In oxygen at 500 °C technetium burns to TCjO, and in fluorine at... 

Aqua Regia partial digestion - 0.5 g of ground sample material digested in 2.25 ml of a 9 1 mixture of concentrated HN03 HCI then diluted 15xwith deionized water. 

Elemental composition Ga 69.24%, P 30.76%. Gallium phosphide may be characterized hy its physical and electronic properties. It may also he analyzed hy various x-ray methods. Gallium may he measured hy AA and ICP spectrophotometry following digestion with nitric acid or aqua regia and appropriate dilution (See Gallium). 

Grayish-white cubic crystals lustrous and brittle density 5.323 g/cm hardness 6.0 Mohs melts at 938.2°C vaporizes at 2,833°C a poor conductor of electricity electrical resistivity 47 microhm-cm dielectric constant 15.7 specific magnetic susceptibility (at 20°C) 0.122x10 insoluble in water, dilute acids and dilute alkalies attacked by concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids, aqua regia and fused alkalies. 

Gold may be identified by its physical properties. Trace quantities of gold may be analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (to 1 ppm) or by neutron activation analysis (to 1 ppb). The metal may be dissolved in aqua regia and the solution diluted appropriately prior to analysis. The most sensitive wavelength for this element is 242.8nm. 

Yellow hexagonal crystals odorless density 7.14 g/cm decomposes slowly in the presence of moisture or decomposes on heating insoluble in water, alcohol and ether also insoluble in dilute acids soluble in aqueous solutions of potassium-, or sodium cyanide, ammonia, and aqua regia. 

Elemental composition Au 77.56%, F 22.44%. Gold(lll) fluoride may be characterized by x-ray techniques. The concentration of gold may be determined by AA and other instrumental methods following digestion in aqua regia and appropriate dilution. 

Occurs as a close-packed hexagonal alpha-form and a hody-centered cubic beta modification melting point 2,233°C vaporizes at 4,602°C electrical resistivity 35.5 microhm-cm at 20°C magnetic susceptibility 0.42xlCL6 emu/g at 25°C thermal neutron absorption cross section 105 barns/atom work function 3.5 eV modulus of elasticity 20x10 psi tensile strength 58,000 psi at 25°C insoluble in water, dilute mineral acids and nitric acid at all concentrations soluble in hydrofluoric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid and aqua regia. 

Elemental composition Hf 70.14%, F 29.86%. The compound is digested with aqua regia, the acid extract diluted and analyzed for Hf by various instrumental methods (see Hafnium). The compound may be characterized nondestructively by x-ray methods. 

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