Aphids biological

Ragesdale, D.W. D.J. Voegtlin R.J. O Neil. Soybean aphid biology in North America. Annals Entomol. Soc. Am. 2004, 97, 204-218. 

Biological Beuveria bassiana Mycotrol, Naturalis Thrips, whitefly, aphid, Colorado potato beetle, caterpillars, ants Various fruits and vegetables Insecticide... 

Zaki, F.N. and M.A. Gesraha. 1987. Evaluation of zertel and diflubenzuron on biological aspects of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma evanescens Westw. and the aphid lion Chrysoperla camea Steph. Jour. Appl. Entomol. 104 63-69. 

The presence of aphids, Toxoptera graminum (Rondani) and Macrosiphum granarium (Kirby), on wheat during March and April has caused considerable alarm to wheat farmers in central Mexico. It has been found, however, that in the majority of cases the aphids do not represent a serious economic problem. Naturally occurring predators are able to reduce the aphid populations rapidly. For cases in which this natural biological control is not effective it has been found that benzene hexachloride (BHC) applied as a dust gives good control of these pests. 

The oriental fruit fly and the banana aphid vector of bunchy-top have so far been found only in the Pacific, the former as far east as Hawaii and the latter in Australia. Control measures for the fruit fly are insecticidal sprays and biological control. Bunchy-top is being held under control with insecticide spray of banana aphids and roguing of diseased plants. 

Biological assays were performed with 6 mM compound in the diet. The reproductive index of aphids fed with 12 mM of glycine-betaine was 5.1 after 72 h of feeding. Values shown are the average ( standard error) of three samples of ten aphids each. Reproduction studies were performed with five samples. 

Urbariska, A., Leszczyriski, B. and Matok, H. 2006. How does gramine affect probing behaviour of grain aphid Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities Biology, 9(1) 1-7. 

There are some biological controls that work wonderfully. The parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa is very effective against whitefly. These tiny wasps are barely visible to the eye. They lay their eggs inside developing whitefly pupa, so one of their young hatches out instead of the whitefly. For aphids, try ladybugs or Aphidoletes aphidimyza (see source on page 35 for these). 

Biological Controls Nature s Control P. O. Box 35 Medford, OR 97501 541-899-8318 0.50 Catalog Encarsia formosa (whitefly parasite) Aphidoletes aphidimyza (aphid predator) Yellow Sticky Traps (whitefly control)... 

Beneficiai Effect Adults and larvae of many species feed on aphids and soft-bodied pests some species prefer mealybugs, spider mites, or soft scales. Native lady beetles are important biological controls for aphids in gardens and orchards. In western regions. Stelhonis spp. provide excellent control of... 

Newer insecticides being introduced today may be more selective and less toxic to nontarget organisms.10 For example, the insecticide pirimicarb (11.6) is highly selective for aphids and has little effect on biological control organisms.11... 

Stark JD, Bamfo S. 2002. Population-level outcomes of differential susceptibility among life stages of the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae to pesticides. In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods, Honolulu, Hawaii, January 14—18, 2002. Forest Service (WA) US Department of Agriculture, p. 314-317. 

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