Anticancer compounds

Ping YF, Yao XH, Chen JH, Liu H, Chen DL, Zhou XD, Wang JM, Bian XW (2007) The anticancer compound Nordy inhibits CXCR4-mediated production of IL-8 and VEGF by malignant human glioma cells. J Neurooncol 84 21-29 Pitcher JA, Freedman NJ, Lefkowitz RJ (1998) G protein-coupled receptor kinases. Annu Rev Biochem 67 653-692... 

Bis(thiosemicarbazones) [89-97] and AT-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones comprise two interesting series of experimental chemotherapeutic agents. 2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone, the first of the latter series to be examined for biological activity, showed mild antileukemic activity against 1-1210 tumor in mice [98]. However, it was found to be toxic at the therapeutic dose levels which led to synthesis of other aromatic and heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones as potential agents [80, 99, 100]. However, the only active anticancer compounds besides glyoxal bis(thiosemicarbazones) were the iV-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones [101], 2 formyl-3-hydroxypyridine thiosemicarbazone [102] and... 

These conditions were used, for example, in the preparation of the anticancer compound 10-deacetoxytaxol. 

Nazarov, A. A. et al. Anthracene-Tethered Ruthenium(II) Arene Complexes as Tools To Visualize the Cellular Localization of Putative Organometallic Anticancer Compounds. Inorg. Chem. 51, 3633-3639 (2012). 

Hanif, M., Nazarov, A. A., Hartinger, C. G., Kandioller, W., Jakupec, M. A., Arion, V. B., Dyson, P. J. Keppler, B. K. Osmium(ii)-versus ruthenium(ii)-arene carbohydrate-based anticancer compounds similarities and differences. Dalton... 

Bathaie, SK, A Bolhasan, R Hoshyar, B Ranjbar, F Sabouni, and A-A Moosavi-Movahedi. 2007. Interaction of saffron carotenoids as anticancer compounds with ctDNA, Ohgo (dG.dC)15, and Oligo (dA.dT)15. DNA Cell Biol 26(8) 533-540. 

Figure 12 Traw -platinum compounds as potential anticancer compounds.

Munro MHG, Luibrand RT, Blunt JW (1987) The search for antiviral and anticancer compounds from marine organisms. In Scheuer PJ (ed) Bioorganic marine chemistry, vol 1, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 93... 

There are natural targets whose syntheses have important practical applications. For example, paclitaxel (marketed as Taxol by Bristol-Myers Squibb) is an anticancer compound originally isolated from the bark of a species of yew tree, but for a long time it seemed that natural sources would not be sufficient to meet the need. Consequently, many chemists developed synthetic approaches to paclitaxel from readily available materials, although these are not yet fully practical for manufacturing. The quest continues, and a semisynthetic route has been developed starting with a compound isolated from yew needles that can be harvested without destroying the tree. An alternative approach has employed plantcell cultures in bioreactors to produce paclitaxel from yew needles (see Chapter 7 for discussion of related matters). 

An antiviral (and anticancer) compound very much in the news media is interferon, a peptide consisting of about 150 amino acids (discussed in chapter 6). It is produced by most cells upon viral infection or a challenge by interferon-inducing agents, and protects... 

Many macromolecules have been utilized as drug carriers in an attempt to decrease the toxicity and/or to increase the therapeutic index of a parent anticancer compound, and have been reviewed extensively [12-20]. 

Presently, clinically useful anticancer compounds are low molecular weight chemicals which possess a high pharamacokinetic volume of distribution, which suggests the ubiquitous presence of toxic compounds in the host. It is this total diffusion of drug throughout the body which results in the majority of toxic effects produced by chemotherapeutic regimens. 

It has been suggested that the ability of tumor cells to form colonies in vitro following exposure to antitumor agents may be the best method by which to evaluate an anticancer compounds s activity [194]. Prior to the 1970s, such assays were primarily limited to cultures of patient tumor tissue however, culture techniques now allow tumor cell lines to be used for such studies. 

Since the 1950s, using a different approach, the U.S. National Cancer Institute, as well as agencies in other countries, has sought to find natural anticancer compounds in plants, fungi, microorganisms, and marine invertebrates. Among these are many antibiotics that intercalate into DNA helices, e.g.,... 

A camphor lactam imide auxiliary has also been used in a similar fashion (equation 124)501. Using this type of protocol, but replacing the aldehyde with an imine, the docetaxel (an important anticancer compound related to taxol) side chain has been... 

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