Antibody pyridoxine deficiency

Figure 1. Effect of Repeated Antigenic Stimuli upon Antibody Response in Pyridoxine-deficient and Control Rats. Injections of Diphtheria Toxoid Given at Times Indicated by the Arrows. Animals were Fed the Pyridoxine-deficient or the Control Diet during the Entire Course of the Study, and were on Experiment for Four Weeks Prior to the First Toxoid Injection, Figures on the Ordinate Represent Reciprocal Titers. Used by Permission, from Axelrod (1958), Copyright by the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc,...

Effect of Pyridoxine-deficiency upon Circulating Antibody Response to Alum-precipated Diphtheria Toxoid ... 

The development of a method suitable for the study of antibody synthesis by individual cells has facilitated investigations of antibody synthesis at the cellular level (Jerne and Nordin, 1963). With this procedure, we have demonstrated a dramatic reduction in the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleens of pyridoxine-deficient rats immunized with sheep erythrocytes (Figure 6) (Kumar and Axelrod, 1968). This decreased cellular immune response was independent of the inanition associated with the deficiency and was... 

Studies on the mechanism of action of pantothenic acid at the cellular level were conducted similarly to those described for pyridoxine deficiency and can be summarized as follows (Lederer et al., 1975) 1) a marked reduction in splenic antibody-forming... 

Axelrod, A, E., Hopper, S., and Long, D, A. (1961) Effect os pyridoxine deficiency upon circulating antibody formation and skin hypersensitivity reactions to diphtheria toxoid in guinea pigs, J. Nutr., 74 58. 

Deficiency of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) causes gradual disappearance of the lymphatic system, depressed number of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood, and impaired activity of antibodies and IL-2 (Szponar and Respondek 1998) (Table 2.2.4). Vitamin D3 can produce an immunosupressive effect. The recent literature data suggest that one of metabolites of this vitamin, 1,2,5-dihydroxy D3, by affecting a specific receptor present on monocytes and lymphocytes, can inhibit their proliferation. This effect occurs via retardation of the production of mRNA for GM CSF, IL-2, and IFN-7. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that deficiency of vitamin D3 in food caused impaired cellular-type tolerance (Szponar and Respondek 1998). 

Table I summarizes the effects of the various deficiencies of the vitamin B complex upon the response to a variety of antigenic stimuli in different test animals. It is the reviewers opinion that, with the exception of the criticisms already made, this table represents the results of well-controlled, adequate experiments. It is quite apparent that the individual members of the vitamin B complex play a very important role in determining antibody response. Their absence may produce a marked impairment in antibody production. Generalizations on this subject are dangerous, but it would appear that pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, and folic acid deficiencies show the most consistent deleterious effects upon antibody production. It is also apparent that the effects of the individual deficiencies may vary widely depending upon the antigen employed.

The possible functions of pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, or folic acid in the mechanisms involved in the release of antibody from their sites of formation were further investigated as follows (Ludovici et al., 1951b). Rats were immunized with human erythrocytes while on the deficient diets and their initial titers determined. Four days later the animals were injected intraperitoneally with the respective vitamin and maintained on an adequate control diet for the remainder of the experiment. Antibody titers were determined periodically thereafter. The effect of the... 

Investigations on the mode of action of pyridoxine and pantothenic acid have demonstrated a marked reduction in the production of antibody-forming cells following antigenic stimulation in both deficiency states. The metabolism of antigen appeared to be normal. However, these two vitamins seem to function at different loci in the development of the immune process. Whereas pyridoxine appears to be necessary for the production of units from serine... 

---