Antibodies carbohydrate specific

J. G. Joyce, I. J. Krauss, H. C. Song, D. W. Opalka, K. M. Grimm, D. D. Nahas, M. T. Esser, R. Hrin, M. Feng, V. Y. Dudkin, M. Chastain, J. W. Shiver, et al., An oligosaccharide-based HIV-1 2G12 mimotope vaccine induces carbohydrate-specific antibodies that fail to neutralize HIV-1 virions, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105 (2008) 15684-15689. 

Application of 125I Radioimmunoassay to Measure Inhibition of Precipitin Reactions using Carbohydrate-Specific Antibodies, P. H. Boullanger, A. Nagpurkar, A. A. Noujaim, and R. U. Lemieux, Can. J. Biochem., 56 (1978) 1102-1108. 

To investigate this, we constructed glycan arrays to display carbohydrate antigens of defined structures and then applied these tools to detect carbohydrate-specific antibody fingerprints that were elicited by a SARS vaccine. 

In Fig. 4, we show representative results. First, we detected an antibody reactivity specific for the carbohydrate moieties of an abundant human serum glycoprotein asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR) (Fig. 4B). Second, we found that lectin PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris L ) is specific for a defined complex carbohy-... 

With the advent of affinity chromatography to isolate enzymes [7] it was possible to adapt the method for the isolation of antibodies [8], The purification of many types of anti-carbohydrate antibodies with specificity for carbohydrate residues of macromolecules has been achieved. The antibodies were isolated by affinity chromatography on adsorbents with proper ligands. The immunodeterminants of the antigens have been found to be mono- or disaccharide residues of the antigen. The anti-carbohydrate antibodies with unique properties are useful in a variety of medicinal and technological applications. In this article the emphasis is on polyclonal antibodies specifically the preparation, properties and uses of anti-carbohydrate antibodies. 

Antibodies directed against recombinant erythropoietin have been obtained from rabbits immunized with the hormone and Freunds complete adjuvant [64], Two sets of antibodies are present in the serum of rabbits that have been immunized, Fig. (3C). The results of oxidation of the erythropoietin with periodate, Fig. (25A), reaction of the antibodies with lectins of known carbohydrate specificity, Fig. (25B) and inhibition of the antibodies with the structural monosaccharide residues of the hormone, Fig. (26), have established the types of antibodies to be anti-carbohydrate antibodies and the immunodeterminants for these antibodies are oligosaccharides with the following structure N-acetyl neuraminyl a(2->3)... 

Antibodies with specificity for specific carbohydrate residues of antigens have been isolated from serum of rabbits immunized with carbohydrate containing antigens. Eighteen such antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography on adsorbents with ligands of carbohydrate residues. Electrofocusing results showed that all the antibodies occurred in multiprotein forms. A number of anti-carbohydrate antibodies have had useful applications. In the future additional advances with anti-carbohydrate antibodies should be made and these can lead to developments of new and improved products and processes. Some of the applications are summarized ... 

The presence of specific targeting ligands monoclonal antibodies with specificity for M cells, or lectins which bind to specific carbohydrate residues found on M-cells, can increase the uptake of microparticulate delivery systems. 

ANTI-CARBOHYDRATE ANTIBODIES WITH SPECIFICITY FOR MONOSACCHARIDE AND OLIGOSACCHARIDE UNITS OF ANTIGENS... 

The utility of anti-carbohydrate antibodies is varied and depends on the specificity of the antibodies. Antibodies having specificity for polysaccharides of pathogenic organisms are used for the detection and identification of these organisms. This information is required for prescribing treatment of infectious diseases. 

In their interaction with saccharides, lectins serve as models for carbohydrate-specific antibodies, with the important advantage that it is possible to purify lectins in gram quantities. Furthermore, lectin combining-sites appear to be homogeneous and noninteracting, in contrast to those of immune antibodies. 

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