Anion poly

Anionic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer was selected as a model of the soluble acidic-rich proteins to prepare CaC03 film on a poly(ethylenimine) film [49]. The CaCOj/polylethylenimine) composite film was obtained in the... 

It has long been recognized that anionic poly(pyrazolyl)borato derivatives may be readily monoprotonated to give the neutral acids (lb). For example, [pzTp]H, [Tp]H, and [Bp]H derivatives can be obtained by acidification of the appropriate potassium derivative with glacial acetic acid, (lb, 123, 200). Similarly, [Bp]H has also been obtained by acidification of K[Bp] with HCl(aq). The structures of [(Me2pz)TpMe2]H (201) and [Bp]H (117) have been determined by x-ray diffraction. Mono-... 

Trialkylsilyl-protected oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylates, 2- 2- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]ethoxy ethyl methacrylate (1), and 2- 2-[2-[(ferf-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy] ethoxy] ethoxy ethyl methacrylate (2) (Scheme 7) were used for the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers by anionic poly-... 

Kim H, Akagi T, Akashi M (2010) Preparation of CpG ODN-encapsulated anionic poly (amino acid) nanoparticles for gene delivery. Chem Lett 39 278-279... 

Bagchi, P., and Birnbaum, S.M. (1981) Effect of pH on the adsorption of immunoglobulin G on anionic poly(vinyltoluene) model latex particles./. Colloid Interface Sci. 83, 460 178. 

Dwight SJ, Gaylord BS, Hong JW, Bazan GC (2004) Perturbation of fluorescence by nonspecific interactions between anionic poly(phenylenevinylene)s and proteins implications for biosensors. J Am Chem Soc 126 16850-16859... 

The same type of addition—as shown by X-ray analysis—occurs in the cationic polymerization of alkenyl ethers R—CH=CH—OR and of 8-chlorovinyl ethers (395). However, NMR analysis showed the presence of some configurational disorder (396). The stereochemistry of acrylate polymerization, determined by the use of deuterated monomers, was found to be strongly dependent on the reaction environment and, in particular, on the solvation of the growing-chain-catalyst system at both the a and jS carbon atoms (390, 397-399). Non-solvated contact ion pairs such as those existing in the presence of lithium catalysts in toluene at low temperature, are responsible for the formation of threo isotactic sequences from cis monomers and, therefore, involve a trans addition in contrast, solvent separated ion pairs (fluorenyllithium in THF) give rise to a predominantly syndiotactic polymer. Finally, in mixed ether-hydrocarbon solvents where there are probably peripherally solvated ion pairs, a predominantly isotactic polymer with nonconstant stereochemistry in the jS position is obtained. It seems evident fiom this complexity of situations that the micro-tacticity of anionic poly(methyl methacrylate) cannot be interpreted by a simple Bernoulli distribution, as has already been discussed in Sect. III-A. 

The anion generated by a Michael addition can also be trapped by another Michael addition. Obviously, continued repetition of this process produces polymeric esters, nitriles, etc., in a typical anionic poly-... 

In ionic polymerization a hydride (H-) transfer or a proton transfer are the analogues of the hydrogen atom transfer in radical polymerization. A hydride (H-) ion transfer is observed in many isomerizations and dimerizations of hydrocarbons which proceed via carbonium-ion mechanism. A similar process is responsible for chain transfer ip some carbonium-ion polymerizations. The transfer of negative ions like Cl- is also common, e.g. triphenyl methyl chloride is an efficient transfer agent in such a polymerization. Transfer of a proton is, on the other hand, a very common mode of termination of anionic polymerization. Indeed, this mode of termination was discussed previously in connection with branching reactions, and it was postulated in the earliest studies of anionic poly-... 

Linear water-soluble anionic poly(acrylamide-co-ammonium acrylate) has been prepared by a water-in-oil polymerization. These materials are characterized by a Huggins constant in brine greater than 0.75 and a storage modulus for a 1.5 wt% actives polymer solution at 4.6 Hz greater than 175 Pa. These agents are particularly useful as drainage aids and contamination control aids in papermaking. 

Sol-gels containing electroactive species have been used in the development of both amperometric and potentiometric electrodes. Films coated with anionic poly-(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDMDAAC) and cationic poly(vinylsulfonic acid) were used to concentrate Ru(bpy)3 + and the hexacyanoferrate anion, respectively, for use as amperometric electrodes [208a]. The detection limit by square-wave voltammetry improved by up to 50-fold compared with uncovered electrodes. In Figure 41, curve 1 corresponds to a bare graphite electrode, curve 2 to a sol-gel-covered electrode and curve 3 to a sol-gel-PDMDAAC-modified electrode after 10 min of exposure to Fe(CN)g. ... 

Polymers containing LM at the chain ends can be obtained by the reaction of anthracene-containing reagents with functional end groups of macromolecules such as carboxy groups or living ends of macromolecules generated in anionic poly-merization ... 

Levy, M.. and M. Szwarc Electron-spin-resonance studies of anionic poly-... 

Figure 9.33. (a) Schematic description of the effects of ionic strength (I) and pH on the conformations of a humic molecule in solution and at a surface. Rh denotes the hydrodynamic radius of the molecule in solution and 6h denotes the hydrodynamic thickness of the adsorbed anionic poly electrolyte. (Adapted from Yokoyama et al., 1989 and O Melia, 1991). (b) The influence of ionic strength of pH on diffusion coefficient, Dl, and on Stokes-Einstein radius of a humic acid fraction of 50,000-100,000 Dalton. (From Cornel et al., 1986). 

FIGURE 12.19 Reduced electrophoretic mobility (Pg/p max) of cationic poly(NIPAM) and anionic poly(NIP-MAM) microgel latexes as a function of temperature (10" A/ NaCl). p axis measured far from the electro-kinetic transition temperature (Te x). 

In order to obtain an anionic poly-orthoester, 4-carbomethoiqr-2,6,7-trloxablcyclo[2.2.2]octane was polymerized using trlfluoromethane-sulfonlc acid as Initiator In dlchloromethane at -78 C (20). This Is the only known poly-orthoester In the [2.2.2]-serles that Is... 

Kataoka et al. [57, 58] investigated the formation of polyion complexes (PIC) from a pair of oppositely charged polypeptide block copolymers, namely of anionic poly(ethylene oxide)-( foc -poly(a, P-aspartate) and cationic polyethylene oxide)- foc -poly([2-aminoalkyl]-a,P-aspartamide) (see structure in Fig. 14a), in an aqueous milieu. Mixing of the double-hydrophilic copolymers at an equimolar... 

The anionic poly.mcrization systems based on the alkali metals involve only two processes, initiation and propagation, because termination can be avoided, if desired. The initiation processes fall into two broad classes electron transfer and nucleophilic attack. 

Toho Quench T-3. [Toho Chettt Industry] Anionic poly soap water-soluble quenching oil. 

Figure 11. Integral distribution functions obtained by BW fractionation of anionic poly(methyl methacrylate)s prepared at different reaction temperatures under otherwise identical reaction conditions initiator, cumylcesium in the presence of about 10 3 mole/1 cesium triphenylcyanoborate (19)...

Scheme 1.7. The synthesis of the water-soluble anionic poly(flnorene) P6...

Functionalization of nanorods with polyelectrolytes has been carried out by layer-by-layer deposition (92). First, CTAB-coated nanorods are prepared. Since these nanorods are positively charged, they can adsorb cationic and anionic poly electrolytes. Functionalization of nanorods with dyes is possible a fluorescent dye, 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan has been functionalized on the surface of Ti02 nanorods (93). Functionalization with a photoactive molecule such as ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridine) is also possible (94). A thiol derivative of the bipyridyl complex (Ru(bpy)3+-Cs-SH) in dodecane thiol is used for the functionalization of gold nanorods. Functionalization of block magnetic nanorods is very useful (95), for example, in the separation of proteins. Consider a triblock nanorod consisting of only two metals, Ni and Au. If the Au blocks are functionalized with a thiol (e.g. 11-amino-1 undecane thiol) followed by covalent attachment of nitrostreptavidin, then one can... 

REACTIONS OF ANIONIC POLY(ALKYL/ARYLPHOSPHAZENES) WITH CARBON DIOXIDE AND FLUORINATED ALDEHYDES AND KETONES... 

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