Androgens/androgenic hormones

ANDROGEN HORMONE INHIBITOR The nurse questions the patient at length about symptoms of BPH, such as frequency of voiding during the day and night and difficulty starting tire urinary stream. The nurse records all symptoms in the patient s chart. 

The adult male prostate contains abundant acid phosphatase which it secretes into the semen. The production of this enzyme is governed by the circulating levels of androgenic hormones. Castration or estrogen administration markedly reduces the prostatic urinary acid phosphatase of males. Other organs such as the liver, kidney, spleen, red cells and platelets also contain significant amounts of acid phosphatase. 

Dysfunction may be caused by aging, systemic inflammatory diseases, a decrease in androgen hormones, surgery, ocular surface diseases (such as herpes zoster), systemic diseases, or medications that affect the efferent cholinergic nerves. Decreased tear secretion produces an inflammatory response on the ocular surface called keratoconjunctivitis sicca. This inflammation is now a target for new medications that treat dry eye.29,30... 

Testosterone, the major androgenic hormone, accounts for 95% of the androgen concentration. The primary source of testosterone is the testes however, 3% to 5% of the testosterone concentration is derived from direct adrenal cortical secretion of testosterone or C-19 steroids such as androstenedione.17,18... 

Genitourinary Atrophy of the vagina due to decreased estrogen Prostatic hypertrophy due to androgenic hormonal changes Age-related changes may predispose to incontinence... 

Predictable effects that derive from the known pharmacological drug properties. Examples are masculin-ization of the female fetus by androgenic hormones brain hemorrhage due to oral anticoagulants bradycardia due to p-blockers. 

The term androgens includes a number of natural and synthetic compounds that exhibit the masculinizing and anabolic action of testosterone, the main physiological, endogenic, and androgenic hormone. 

Estrogen, Conjugated + Methylprogesterone (Premarin + Methylprogesterone) [Estrogen Androgen Hormones]... 

Wilson J.G. and H.C. Wilson (1943). Reproductive capacity in adult rats treated prepuhertally with androgenic hormone. Endocrinology 33 350-353. 

Mechanism of Action An androgen hormone inhibitor that inhibits 5-alpha reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the prostate gland, resulting in a decreased serum DHT level. Therapeutic Effect Reduces size of the prostate gland. 

A certain amount of qualitative information can be obtained by means of so-called multidimensional chromatography (1). Tlris is a combination of different chromatographic techniques in which fractions from a primary separation step are transferred online to a secondary separation step. Multidimensional gas chromatography (GC), for example, involves coupling of GC columns of different selectivities so that the primary column isolates the fraction of interest, and the secondary column takes care of the final separation of that fraction. Using multidimensional liquid chromatography (LC), determination of androgen hormone residues in cattle liver has been possible (2). 

Dutasteride (Avodart) [Androgen Hormone Inhibitor/BPH Agent] Uses Symptomatic BPH Action 5a-Reductase inhibitor 4- intracellular androgen levels Dose 0.5 mg PO/d Caution [X, -] Hepatic impair pregnant women should not handle pills Contra Women children Disp Caps SE T Testosterone, T TSH, 4- PSA levels, impotence, 4- libido, gynecomastia Interactions T Effects w/ cimeddine, ciprofloxacin, diltiazem, ketoconazole, ritonavir, verapamil EMS None OD Not expected to produce life-threatening Sxs... 

Male Hormones. The androgenic hormones produced in Ihe testes land adrenal gland t have a w idespread effect upon the development of secondary sexual characteristics (musculature, facial hair, larynx, etc. I. as well as upon the sexual organs and responses themselves. They also promote anabolism tu a marked degree by their effect upon nitrogen and calcium metabolism. The structure of testosterone is shown in the Tahle I. 

Female Hormones. Closely related 10 the male androgenic hormones, and probably synthesized from them in the female organism, are the estrogenic hormones which are produced principally in the ovary. Although / -estradiol is die normally secreted ovarian hormone, a number or ulher estrogenic substances have been isolated from urine and from animal studies. They include o-cstradiol. esiriol, and estrone. The structures of these hormones are given in Fig. 2. 

Supraphysiological concentrations of androgen hormones can cause acne, hirsutism, and deepening of the voice. 

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