And ribs

These dimensions lie below the buckling line and so are acceptable. The solution would therefore be a ribbed beam with five ribs, plate thickness = 2.5 mm, rib thickness = 1.5 mm and rib depth = 8.7 mm. 

Despite the ability to adapt spray painting techniques to cope with a multitude of shapes and sizes, all surfaces must be accessible for painting (and indeed for preparation). It is worth remembering that high output spray equipment is infinitely more cumbersome than the smaller set-ups used in laboratories. Thus, fins and ribs must be wellspaced with their edges made round and smooth to retain paint more readily. 

Although this analysis should be conducted for both straight-walled and rib-walled pipe, it is particularly important in the case of rib walled. That is, because the rib is often thicker than the structural wall of the pipe, by several times the wall s thickness. Strains along the ribs may be higher than along the straight-walled sections, particularly at the top of the rib. For the sake of this discussion, assume that strain analysis in the hoop direction has confirmed that... 

Dr. Kellogg, who approved the condemnation on March 30. Among the items discarded from the Hall collection were "minerals," "shot," "cross bar ," "quartzite," "iron pyrites," and "quartz rock," as well as "pebbles," "sand stone rock," "one lot sea shells," "drift wood," "plumbago used by natives," and "rib of spotted seal."... 

Parts are less sensitive to sink marks, thickness variations and residual stresses. Thicknesses, 5-15 mm, can be higher than with dense compounds bosses and ribs can be oversized. 

The equations for modeling the 2-D rib effects require a domain where the boundary conditions in terms of gas flow and composition are specified only at the channel. At the solid rib, there is no flux of gas and liquid, but all of the electronic current must pass through it. Furthermore, the modeling domain is usually as shown in Figure 16b thus, only a half channel and rib is modeled, and symmetry conditions can be used to model the other half. Besides those noted above, the boundary conditions and equations are more-or-less the same as those discussed in section 4. 

The general results of the 3-D models are more-or-less a superposition of the 2-D models discussed above. Furthermore, most of the 3-D models do not show significant changes in the 1-D sandwich in a local region. In other words, a pseudo-3-D approach would be valid in which the 1-D model is run at points in a 2-D mesh wherein both the channel and rib effects can easily be incorporated. Another pseudo-3-D approach is where the 2-D rib models are used and then moved along the channel, similar to the cases of the pseudo-2-D models described above. This latter approach is similar to that by Baker and Darling. In their model, they uncouple the different directions such that there is a 1-D model in the gas channel and multiple 2-D rib models. However, they neither treat the membrane nor have liquid water. In all, the use of CFD means that it is not significantly more complicated to run a complete 3-D model in all domains. 

Methyl parathion administered intraperi-toneally at maternally lethal doses was teratogenic to mice, producing cleft palate and rib abnormalities. High-dose administration to rats, sometimes producing maternal toxicity, resulted in evidence of embryo-fetotoxicity with increased resorptions and growth retardation. ... 

Figure 11.3 The simplest RNA cell, consisting of two ribozymes (two RNA-genes provided with enzymatic activity). Rib-1 (ribosome 1) and Rib-2 (ribosome 2), whose concerted action permits shell and core replication. Rib-1 is an RNA repli-case, capable of making copies of itself and of Rib-2. Rib-2 makes the lipid membrane, converting precursor A to surfactant S. Being based on RNA replication, it is also able to evolve. (Adapted from Szostak et al., 2001 see also Luisi et al, 2002.)...

Figure 11.4 The hypothetical pathway for the transformation of a simple RNA cell into a minimal DNA/protein cell. At the first step, the cell contains two ribozymes, Rib-1 and Rib-2 Rib-1 is a RNA replicase capable of reproducing itself and making copies of Rib-2, a ribozyme capable of synthesizing the cell membrane by converting precursor A to surfactant S. During replication, Rib-1 is capable of evolving into novel ribozymes that make the peptide bond (Rib-3) or DNA (Rib-4). In this illustration, these two mutations are assumed to take place in different compartments, which then fuse with each other to yield a protein/DNA minimal cell. Of course, a scheme can be proposed in which both Rib-3 and Rib-4 are generated in the same compartment. (Modified fromLuisi et al., 2002.)...

As the flare charge ignites, the gases generated expel the lower spacer and rib retainer (R), allowing the rib springs to open... 

Hematopoietic development of blood cells begins mainly in the spleen and liver of the fetus during early pregnancy. By the seventh month, however, the marrow of a fetus becomes the primary site of blood cell formation [1]. During childhood, the marrow of the central axial skeleton such as the pelvis, spinal cord, and ribs, and of the extremities, such as the wrist and ankle, provides the key site of hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis at the periphery (also known as extramedullary hematopoiesis) slowly decreases with age. Chronic administration of hematopoietic growth factors can reverse this decline. Severe hemolytic anemia and hematopoietic malignancies can also reverse the process. 

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