Amino acids response

Bales MG, Layeni AO Exacerbation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms associated with clozapine. Br J Psychiatry 164 687-688, 1994 Eaton SA, Salt TE Modulatory effects of serotonin on excitatory amino acid responses and sensory synaptic transmission in the ventrobasal thalamus. Neuroscience 33 285-292, 1989... 

Nedergaard S, Engberg 1, Flatman JA The modulation of excitatory amino acid responses by serotonin in the cat neocortex in vitro. Cell Mol Neurobiol 7 367-379, 1987... 

Upon conversion from alcohol to ketone/aldehyde the active site contains a reduced NADH molecule, which, in conjunction with the hydrophobic nature of the active-site cavity, is believed to raise the pKa of Tyrl51 to above 10. Evidence is provided by studies demonstrating pH-independent binding of acetaldehyde to the E-NADH complex so that the pKa value for the amino acid responsible for interaction with acetaldehyde is higher than 10. 

In summary, cyclosporin A is a cyclic undecapeptide composed of ten trivial amino acids and the unique MeBmt as the eleventh building block. All chiral amino acids belong to the L-series, with the exception of one D-alanine unit. Another striking feature is the A-methylation of seven amino acids responsible... 

Strychnine is an alkaloid grain that is absorbed when eaten by the animal. It attacks the CNS by antagonizing the action of glycine, an amino acid responsible for transmitting inhibitory nerve impulses that control muscle contraction. In addition, there is evidence of an increase in brain levels of glutamic acid, an amino acid that acts as a transmitter for excitatory nerve impulses that excite muscle contraction. As a result, the skeletal muscles become hyperexcitable and contract simultaneously without the normal restraints this is called a convulsion or seizure. Convulsions prevent respiration, a process that depends on a controlled rhythm of contraction and relaxation, causing the animal to suffocate. 

Grp. II Amino acid responsive, dl and triphosphate nucleotides, NaCl potentiated Sweetj Bitter ... 

Neurons were divided into 9 groups largely according to stimulus chemistry. A sodium-lithium system was seen in the rat and goat but not the cat and dog. Amino acid responsive neurons were seen in all species except the goat, with major species differences. Amino acid responsive neurons were also, except for the cat, responsive to sugar. A nucleotide system was seen only in the cat. Acid (Br nsted) responsive neurons were seen in all species, but the cat and dog acid taste systems were different from others. A system responsive to furaneol and other compounds present in fruit was seen only in the dog. A system exclusively responsive to alkaloids was found in rat and goat. 

M7. Matousek, J. P., and Stevens, B. J., Biological applications of the carbon rod atomizer in atomic absorption spectroscopy. Preliminary studies on magnesium, iron, copper, lead and zinc in blood and plasma. Clin. Chem. 17, 363-368 (1971). M8. Matsui, M., and Freiser, H., Amino-acid-responsive liquid-membrane electrodes. Anal. Lett. 3, 161-167 (1970). 

For example, an enzyme was suspected of reversibly forming an iminium ion with the substrate before cleaving it. Sodium borohydride was added, reducing the iminium ion to an amine, stopping the forward reaetion, and preventing the reversal. The substrate was isolated attached to an amine of the enzyme. Not only did this eonfirm an iminium intermediate, but it also helped identify the amino acid responsible for the eatalysis. 

Hori N, Auker CR, Braitman DJ, Carpenter DO. 1982. Pharmacologic sensitivity of amino acid responses and synaptic activation of in vitro prepyriform neurons. J Neurophysiol 1289-1301. 

Nakagawa T, Komune S, Uemura T, Akaike N (1991b) Excitatory amino acid response in isolated spiral ganglion cells of guinea pig cochlea. J Neurophysiol 65 715-723. 

Immunocytochemical and ELISA studies showed that the pharmacologically inactive m2/m5 hybrid receptors were properly expressed on the cell surface [16], suggesting that the virtual lack of binding activity seen with these mutant receptors is due to a specific folding defect. It seemed reasonable to assume that the amino acids responsible for this folding defect are located at the TM DTM VII... 

Lundhohn, N., et al. Domoic acid, the toxic amino acid responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning, now in Pseuodonitzschia seriata (Bacillariophyceae) in Europe. Phycologia, 33, 475 78 (1994). 

An example of a stimulant that is also a toxicant is the pesticide strychnine. This alkaloid works by neutralizing glycine, an amino acid responsible for transmitting inhibitory nerve impulses to muscles. Without inhibition, the muscles contract but do not relax. Skeletal muscles become hyperexcited and contract continuously. Limbs become stiff and respiration stops. Animals poisoned with strychnine suffocate and die. This poison is toxic to fish, insects, mammals, and birds. 

Goh and Tamura (1980) have suggested, on the basis of electrophysiological recordings, that the amino acid response spectrum is highly species-specific. It has been suggested by Holland (1978) that "sensory... 

Vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of prothrombin in the hver. In the blood-clotting process, prothrombin is the inactive precursor of thrombin, an enzyme that converts the protein fibrinogen in blood plasma into fibrin, the insoluble fibrous protein that holds blood clots together. Prothrombin normally must bind to calcium ions before it can be activated. If the supply of vitamin K is inadequate, then the prothrombin molecule is deficient in 7-carboxyglutamic acid, a specific amino acid responsible for... 

Within these three domains, the amino acids responsible for binding interactions are Seri09 of TM3, Lyl99 of TM5 and Asn295 of TM7 in the ATI receptor. Figure 5.2b illustrates these interactions in a 3D model, and in many details corresponds to the findings presented in Fig. 5.1. This is particularly the case with the conformation of the biphenyl unit in the bound valsartan both models... 

Pitkanen H, Mero A, Oja SS, Komi PV, Pontinen PJ, Saransaari P, Takala T. Serum amino acid responses to three different exercise sessions in male power athletes. J Sports Med Phys Eitness 2002 42 472-480. 

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