Ambiguous

Any deviations result from a deliberate choice, either to conform to current usage in the profession, or to avoid ambiguity in the interpretation of symbols. 

We can now correlate all events below or above the datum plane by comparing the log response. In many instances correlations are ambiguous. Where two or more correlation... 

The standard states of Ag and of Ag (aq) have the conventional definitions, but there is an ambiguity in the definition of the standard state of e. Suppose that a reference electrode R is positioned above a solution of AgN03, which in turn is in contact with an Ag electrode. The Ag electrode and R are connected by a wire. Per Faraday, the processes are... 

The total change d.S can be detennined, as has been seen, by driving the subsystem a back to its initial state, but the separation into dj.S and dj S is sometimes ambiguous. Any statistical mechanical interpretation of the second law requires that, at least for any volume element of macroscopic size, dj.S > 0. However, the total... 

NOE-difFerence spectroscopy is particularly valuable for distinguishing stereoisomers, for it relies solely on intemuclear distances, and thus avoids any problems of ambiguity or absence associated with couplings. With smallish molecules, it is best carried out in the above 1D maimer, because 2 s are necessary for tire transmission of the NOE. The transmission process becomes more efficient with large molecules and is almost optimal for proteins. However, problems can occur with molecules of intemiediate size [3f]. A 2D version of the NOE-difference experiment exists, called NOESY. 

This example of high and low pressure also shows the ambiguities of these tenns in science. All these pressures are essentially constant in tenns of tire range of pressures encountered in nature. From negative pressures in solids under tension (e.g., on the wall of flask confining a fluid), pressure in nature increases... 

The matrix elements of these derivatives are to be evaluated with R equal to its equilibrium value Rq. However, to keep the notation simple, we shall still write R in place of Rq in later text unless ambiguity may occur. 

Figure 2-S. Different WLN codes could be obtained from a structure (ambiguity) but, based on the rules, only the one on the right-hand side is allowed, in order to achieve unambiguity.

Atoms Atoms a e represented by their atomic symbols. Ambiguous two-letter symbols (e.g., Nb is not NB) have to be written in square brackets. Otherwise, no further letters are used. Free valences are saturated with hydrogen atoms. 

In contrast to canonical linear notations and connection tables (see Sections 2.3 and 2.4), fragment codes arc ambiguous. Several different structures could all possess an identical fragment code, because the code docs not describe how the fragments arc interconnected. Moreover, it is not always evident to the user whether all possible fi aginents of the stmetures ai e at all accessible. Thus, the fragments more or less characterise a class of molecules this is also important in generic structures that arise in chemical patents (sec Section 2.7.1)... 

This ambiguous representation of chemical structures as a string allows a veiy efficient similarity search,... 

Markush structures rcprcHL-uts compound families - widespread in patents nianual in/ontput convertible into otlicr representations high number of compounds less compact code ambiguous difficult to extract individual compounds... 

Fingerprints structural keys identify a molecule - code is highly compact represented in bits ambiguous not convertible to other representations dependent on the fragment library... 

While the trivial and trade nomenclature in most cases has accidental character, the lUPAC Commission has worked out a series of rules [4] which allow the great majority of structures to be represented uniformly, though there still exists some ambiguity within this nomenclature. Thus, many structures can have more than one name. It is important that the rules of some dialects of the lUPAC systematic nomenclature are transformed into a program code. Thus, programs for generating the names from chemical structures, and vice versa (structures from names) have been created [5] (see Chapter II, Section 2 in the Handbook). 

As given, the bond angle is ambiguous because you cannot have an angle between only two atoms. Therefore, there must be a third atom involved in the last entry. In the case of water, it can only be H—O—H. Make it clear in your report what the third atom is, that is, give a bond angle for C—C—H and one for C=C—H, which will not be the same. 

The above considerations will assist the student in the selection of a derivative. It should also be borne in mind that when a compound has several functional groups, that functional group should be chosen for the preparation of a derivative which gives the least ambiguous reaction. 

We must also consider whether the dehydration reaction might be ambiguous. Thus A can give only TM 36 on dehydration but B might give C as well. How would you make TM 38 ... 

Synthesis Since the pinacol is symmetrical, there is no ambiguity. 

There is some ambiguity about Mulliken population analysis in the literature. This is because various software packages print different portions of the analysis and may name them slightly differently. The description here follows some of the more common conventions. 

Any attempt to calculate partial rate factors for the i-oxides being The encounter rate criterion ( 8.2.3) is ambiguous for these compounds. 

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