Amberlite IRA 904

Conversion of the salt of a weak base into the free base. Prepare a column of a strong base anion resin (such as Amberlite IRA-40o(OH) ) washed with distilled water as above. Drain off most of the water and then allow 100 ml. of A//2.Na.2C03 solution to pass through the column at 5 ml. per minute. Again wash the column with 200 ml. of distilled water. Dissolve 0-05 g. of aniline hydrochloride in 100 ml. of distilled water and pass the solution down the column. The effluent contains aniline in solution and free from all other ions. 

Amberlite IRA-400 1.4 1.11 8% cross-linkage. Used for systems essentially free of organic materials. 

Amberlite IRA-402 1.3 1.07 Lower cross-linkage than IRA-400 better diffusion rate with large organic molecules. 

Amberlite IRA-410 1.4 1.12 Dimethylethanolamine functionality and slightly lower basicity than IRA-400. 

Amberlite IRA-458 1.2 1.08 Has an acrylic structure rather than S-DVB hence more hydrophilic and resistant to organic fouling. 

Amberlite IRA-68 1.6 1.06 Acrylic-DVB with unusually high capacity for large organic molecules. 

Amberlite IRA-93 1.3 1.04 Styrene-DVB pH range is 0 to 9. Excellent resistance to oxidation and organic foul-... 

Amberlite IRA-402 Amberlite IRA-458 Amberlite IR-1180M Amberlite XAD Amberlite XAD-2 Amberlyst... 

Eig. 5. Pressure drop as affected by resin type, flow rate, and temperature, where A, B, and C, correspond respectively to acryUc strong base anion exchanger (Amberlite IRA-458), styrenic strong base anion exchanger (Amberlite IRA-402), and styrenic strong acid cation exchanger (Amberlite IR-120), all at 4°C. D represents styrenic strong acid cation resin (Amberlite IR-120) at 50°C (14). To convert kg/(cm -m) to lb/(in. -ft), multiply by 4.33 to convert... 

Amberlite IRA-904 Anion exchange resin (Rohm and Haas) [9050-98-0]. Washed with IM HCl, CH3OH (1 10) and then rinsed with distilled water until the washings were neutral to litmus paper. Finally extracted successively for 24h in a Soxhlet apparatus with MeOH, benzene and cyclohexane [Shue and Yan Anal Chem 53 2081 1981]. Strongly basic resin also used for base catalysis [Fieser Fieser Reagents for Org Synth 1511, Wiley 1967]. 

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (5H2O) [10424-65-4 (5H2O), 75-59-2 (aq soln) ] M 181.2, m 63°, 65-68°. Freed from chloride ions by passage through an ion-exchange column (Amberlite IRA-400, prepared in its OH" form by passing 2M NaOH until the effluent was free from chloride ions, then washed with distilled H2O until neutral). A modification, to obtain carbonate-free hydroxide, uses the method of Davies and Nancollas [Nature 165 237 1950]. 

Amberlite IRA-400 fluoride form, CH2CI2 or DMF then elute with aq. HCl, 80-90% yield. 

A more effecdve catalyst for the Hetuy reacdon is a polymer-supported base such as amberlyst A-31. Various fi-nitro alcohols can be obtained v/ith the help of amberlyst v/ith or without solvent fEq, 3,14, A recent report claims that amberlite IRA-430 COH-formi or DOWEX-1 COH-formi is more effecdve for the Henry reacdon than amberlyst A-31/ Poly-... 

A 90 X 6 cm column was packed with 2 kg of granular Amberlite IRA-410 resin in the chloride form (a vinylpyridine/divinylbenzene copolymer quaternized with dimethyl sulfate and converted to chloride) and washed with 3 kg of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium... 

The rate of hydrolysis of sarin on Dowex-50 cation exchange resin is insensitive to the stirring rate. However, with a more active catalyst (Amberlite-IRA 400), the rate constant at 20°C was 5.3, 7.5, and 8.5 h at 60,800 and 1000 revolutions/min , respectively, suggesting that film diffusion was the rate-limiting. step. Thus, the mechanism of the rate-limiting step depends on the nature of the catalyst [34]. 

Tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (0.1 M solution in methanol). Prepare an anion exchange column using an anion exchange resin such as Duolite A113 or Amberlite IRA-400, convert to the hydroxide form and after washing with water, pass 300-400 mL of methanol through the column to remove water (see Section 7.2). 

Silica gel supported sodium metaperiodate was used for the selective oxidation of dibenzyl sulphide80. Metaperiodate anion soaked on strongly basic-ion-exchange resins Amberlite IRA-904 or Amberlyst A-26 was found to be able to oxidize sulphides into the corresponding sulphoxides in 82-99% yield81. 

OH) (purchased from Fisher Scientific Company) and Amberlite IRA-400 (purchased from Mallinckrodt Chemical Works) were found to be satisfactory. Chloride-form resins must be converted to the hydroxide form before use, as described below (Note 7). 

The hydrochloride may be isolated in a 35% yield as a stable and easy to handle white solid. The free amine T8[(CH2)3NH2]8 can be prepared in a quantitative yield by the reaction of T8[(CH2)3NH3C1]8 in methanol with a basic Amberlite IRA-400 exchange resin (Table 24, entry 3). Alternatively, if the initial solvolysis of H2N(CH2)2Si(OEt)3 is carried out in a basic medium the free amine is reported to be formed directly in excellent yield (Table 24, entry 4). In this case, decomposition of the resulting amine was not reported (see below). 

Isolation from cultures of Eupenicillium hrefeldianum NRRL 5734. a Amberlite IRA-411/pH 10. b Chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-25. 

A very useful, but difficult, case has been reported by Smith and Barclay (1992) for the recovery of Monsanto s highly successful herbicide, glyphosphate (N-phosphonomethyl-glycine, tradename Roundup), from an aqueous waste stream. This stream contains a lot of unwanted products like HCHO, HCOOH, aminomethylphosphoric acid, and N-phosphonomethyl iminodiacetic acid (PMIDA). The removal of PMIDA and HCOOH from glyphosphate is essential as HCOOH can react to give the formyl derivative. Amberlite IRA-93 and Amberlite IRA-68 (anionic resins) were chosen to separate glyphosphate from PMIDA and HCOOH, respectively (HCHO does not get adsorbed). 1500 recovery cycles were tried, and the resin has two years plant life scale-up with a factor of 90,000 was very successful. 

Anionic exchanger Strong base -N+(CH3)3C1- -N+(CH3)3OH- Cl" OH" 1-14 1-14 NaCl NaOH Amberlite IRA 400, Amberlite IRA 425, Dowex 1, Dowex 21K, Permutit SK... 

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