Alumina silicate

Liquid Water Linde Type 4 A Linde Type 5 A Activated Alumina Silicic Acid Gel... 

Zeolites are crystalline alumina-silicates having a regular pore structure. Their basic building blocks are silica and alumina tetrahedra. Each tetrahedron consists of silicon or aluminum atoms at the center of the tetrahedron with oxygen atoms at the comers. Because silicon and aluminum are in a +4 and +3 oxidation state, respectively, a net charge of -1 must be balanced by a cation to maintain electrical neutrality. 

Faujasite is a naturally occurring mineral, having a specific crystalline, alumina-silicate structure, used in the manufacturing of the FCC catalyst. Zeolite faujasite is a synthetic form of the mineral. 

Zeolite is a synthetic crystalline alumina-silicate material used in the manufacturing of FCC catalyst. 

Partial oxidation reactions are usually carried out over transition metal oxides capable of changing their valent state during their interaction with reacting molecules. Naturally, zeolites with their alumina-silicate composition did not prove themselves as good oxidation catalysts. They failed also to serve as efScient catalyst supporters, since transition metals being introduced into the zeolite matrix lose their ability to activate dioxygen [3,4],... 

Alumina— Siliceous Aluminum Oxides of Forms of Naturally Chemically Metals Sundry refract- tories... 

Clays used in foundries include hydrous alumina silicates, known as bentonites. Their properties provide cohesion and plasticity in the green state and also high strength when dried. There are three clays that are commonly used in foundries western bentonite [sodium bentonite, burnout point 1290°C (2350°F)], southern bentonite [calcium bentonite, burnout point 1065°C (1950°F)], and fire clay [kaolinite, burnout point 1425°C (2600°F)]. 

The CBI process is an endothermic, physical-chemical bonding of metal ions to alumina-silicate crystals in a high temperature environment. The process is accomplished in two stages proportioning and mixing of the additive material with the metal sludge and thermal processing. 

The raw minerals mined from natural deposits comprise mixtures of different specific minerals. An early step in mineral processing is to use crushing and grinding to free these various minerals from each other. In addition, these same processes may be used to reduce the mineral particle sizes to make them suitable for a subsequent separation process. Non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, mercury, and antimony are typically produced from mineral ores containing these metals as sulfides (and sometimes as oxides, carbonates, or sulfates) [91,619,620], The respective metal sulfides are usually separated from the raw ores by flotation. Flotation processes are also used to concentrate non-metallic minerals used in other industries, such as calcium fluoride, barium sulfate, sodium and potassium chlorides, sulfur, coal, phosphates, alumina, silicates, and clays [91,619,621], Other examples are listed in Table 10.2, including the recovery of ink in paper recycling (which is discussed in Section 12.5.2), the recovery of bitumen from oil sands (which is discussed further in Section 11.3.2), and the removal of particulates and bacteria in water and wastewater treatment (which is discussed further in Section 9.4). 

Using coal-based sorbents, Sivasamy et al. [62] evaluated their ability to remove fluoride from water. On equilibrium basis, Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to describe the data points, while the kinetic data points were interpreted in terms of reaction and mass transfer processes. Kaolinite, adioctahedral two-layered (silica and alumina) silicate (1 2 type), has also been tested in drinking water defluoridation. Recently, Sugita etal. [58] and earlier Kau etal. [63] and Weerasooriya et al. [10] presented fluoride adsorption results of kaolinite. The fluoride-binding sites in kaolinite consist of aluminol and silinol sites. The authors explained that the fluoride-kaolinite interaction led to the formations of both the inner- and outer-sphere complexes. 

Ranges of Si MASNMR Chemical Shifts for Zeolitic Alumina silicates (TMS as reference)... 

Tlie reaction is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure and at 350—400°C. A variety of catalysts, eg, bases and metal salts and oxides on silica or alumina—silicates, have been patented (86—91). Conversions are in the 30—70% range and selectivities in the 60—90% range, depending on the catalyst and the ratio of formaldehyde to acetate. 

Alkylation of Benzene with Propylene over a Crystalline Alumina Silicate... 

There are many examples of the alkylation of aromatics with olefins to produce alkylbenzene In textbooks, the open literature, and In numerous patents. This reaction Is catalyzed by both proton and Lewis acids In a homogeneous phase and In heterogeneous phases. The latter systems are characterized by both proton (H FO ) and Lewis acids (BF ) on supports and the amorphous and crystalline alumina silicates. And, the reaction has been studied extensively. However, up until the start of this Investigation (1969) there had not been a systematic investigation of the kinetic parameters nor an adequate catalyst aging study on the alkylation of benzene with propylene over a crystalline alumina silicate. 

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