Allergy to laboratory animals

NEWILL, C.A., EVANS, R. KHOURY, M.J. (1986) Pre-employment screening for allergy to laboratory animals epidemiologic evaluation of its potential usefulness. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 28,1158-1164. 

Biological samples including blood and urine may present health risks to the personnel collecting and analyzing the samples. When diverse blood samples are transported, received, or analyzed, every effort should be made to reduce the biohazards for laboratory staff (Truchaud et al. 1994 WHO 2003). Suitable containers or bags should be used to transport samples from the animal care buildings to the laboratory. Allergies to laboratory animals and their samples remain a risk for laboratory workers, and efforts should be made to minimize exposure to animal dander, etc. (Venables et al. 1988 Hunskaar and Fosse 1990 Cullinan et al. 1994 Wood and Smith 1999). 

Aoyama K, Ueda A, Manda F, et al. (1992) Allergy to laboratory animals an epidemiological study. Br J Ind Med... 

Cockroft A, McCarthy P, Edwards J, Andersson N (1981) Allergy in laboratory animals workers. Lancet 8224 827-830 Taylor G, Davies GE, Altounyan REC, et al. (1976) Allergic reactions to laboratory animals. Nature 260 280 Davies GE, Thompson AV, Niewola Z, et al. (1983) Allergy to laboratory animals a retrospective and a prospective study. Br J Ind Med 40 442-449... 

Ames RG, Brown SK, Rosenberg J, Jackson RJ, Stratton JW, Quenon SG (1989) Health symptoms and occupational exposure to flea control products among California pet handlers. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 50 466-472 Aoyama K, Ueda A, Manda F, Matsushita T, Ueda T, Yamauchi C (1992) Allergy to laboratory animals an epidemiological study. Br J Ind Med 49 41-47... 

Davies, G.E. and L.A. McArdle. 1981. Allergy to laboratory animals a survey by questionnaire. Inst. Archs. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 64 302-307. 

Gross, NJ. 1980. Allergy to laboratory animals epidemiologic, clinical, and physiologic aspects, and a trial of cromolyn in its management. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 66 158-165. 

Hunskaar, S., and R. T. Fosse. 1990. Allergy to laboratory mice and rats A review of the pathophysiology, epidemiology and clinical aspects. Laboratory Animals 24 358-374. 

Phenanthrene may cause skin allergy, and is considered phototoxic. It has induced sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster cells. The available data are inadequate to permit an evaluation of the carcinogenicity of phenanthrene to experimental animals however, a number of other PAHs have caused tumors in laboratory animals via oral, inhalation, and dermal exposures. A single oral dose of phenanthrene did not induce mammary tumors in rats, and a single subcutaneous injection did not result in treatment-related increases in tumor incidence in mice. Neonate mice administered intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections of phenanthrene also did not develop tumors. No skin tumors were reported in two skin painting assays with mice. Phenanthrene was also tested in several mouse skin initiation-promotion assays. It was active as an initiator in one study, inactive as an initiator in four others, and inactive as a promoter in one study. 

Hollander A., Heederik D. and Doekes G. (1997) Respiratory allergy to rats exposure-response relationships in laboratory animal workers. Am. J. Crit. Care Med., 155, 562-567. 

Allergic reactions to biotin have not been reported so far. Bonnet and Florens (1969) explicitly emphasized that biotin did not induce allergy in their studies on the effect of biotin in the treatment of acne and eczema. Biotin is tolerated by humans and by various laboratory animals without any side effects, even at high doses (Gyorgy and Langer 1968 Wright 1956). 

Hollander A, van Run P, Spithoven J, et al. (1997) Exposure of laboratory animal workers to airborne rat and mouse urine allergens. Clin Exp Allergy 27 617-626 219. 

Renstrom A, Malmberg P, Larsson K, et al. (1994) Prospective study of laboratory animal allergy factors predisposing 220. to sensitization and development of allergic symptoms. 

Gordon S (1997) Occupational sensitization to laboratory 221. animals. Clin Exp Allergy 27 603-605... 

Botham PA, Lamb CT, Teasdale EL, et al. (1995) Allergy to 224. laboratory animals a follow up study of incidence of atopy and pre-existing sensitisation on its development. Occup Environ Med 52 129-133 225. 

The foundations of modem allergy research and practice were laid at the end of the nineteenth and first quarter of the twentieth centuries and extended by the work of Landsteiner and collaborators with their demonstration of the sensitization of laboratory animals and humans with simple reactive chemicals. Previous exposure is not always a precondition for allergic sensitization. There are numerous examples of reactions to poorly reactive dmgs where no protein binding to the parent dmg, metabolites, or degradation products can be demonstrated. 

Benzylpenicillenic acid, which forms readily from benzylpeniciUin in aqueous solution, is unstable and is thought to be allergenic, particularly in contact skin allergy, after direct reaction with disulfides and cysteine sulfhydryl groups (Fig. 5.6). Immunization of laboratory animals with penicil-lenate-protein and penicilloyl-protein conjugates... 

Synonyms and trade names picronitric acid, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, trinitrophenol Use and exposure Picric acid is a white to yellowish crystalline substance and highly flammable. It is used in the manufacture of fireworks, matches, electric batteries, colored glass, explosives, and disinfectants. Pharmaceutical, textile, and leather industries also make use of picric acid. Bouin s picro-formol is used as a preservative solution for biological specimens in laboratories. Toxicity and health effects Picric acid causes different adverse effects on the skins of animals and humans, like allergies, dermatitis, irritation, and sensitization. Absorption of picric acid by the system causes headache, fever, nausea, diarrhea, and coma. In high concentrations, picric acid is known to... 

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