Alkyl organophosphorus compounds

Class 6 Poisons such as acetone cyanohydrin, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, airiline, epiclilorohydrin, lead alkyls, organophosphorus compounds. 

Cohen, E.M., P.J. Christen, and E. Mobach. 1971. The Inactivation of Oximes of Sarin and Soman in Plasma from Various Species. I. The Influence of Diacetylmonoxime on the Hydrolysis of Sarin. Pp. 113-131 in Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie Van Wetenschappen, Series C, Biological and Medical Sciences, Vol. 74. J.A. Cohen Memorial issue. Amsterdam North-Holland. Davies, D.R., P. Holland, and M.J. Rumens. 1960. The relationship between the chemical structure and neurotoxicity of alkyl organophosphorus compounds. Br. J. Pharmacol. 15 271-278... 

Davies, D.R., P. Holland and M.J. Rumens. 1960. The relationship between the chemical structure and neurotoxicity of alkyl organophosphorus compounds. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 15 271-278. 

Benzisothiazole, 3-hydroxy-acylation, 6, 159 alkylation, 6, 159 chlorination, 6, 160 organophosphorus compounds, 6, 159... 

Carbon disulphide methanol phenol n-hexane methyl n-butyl ketone organophosphorus compounds tetra-alkyl lead compounds. 

In spite of their toxicity, alkyl phosphites have been used extensively as lubricant additives, corrosion inhibitors, and antioxidants. In addition to their use as intermediates in synthesis, organophosphorus compounds are useful for separating heavy metals by solvent extraction. Several insecticides that were formerly in widespread use are derivatives of organic phosphates. Two such compounds are malathion and parathion. 

Perregaard, J. and Lawesson, S. O., Studies on organophosphorus compounds - XVI. On 0,0-Dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids and N,N,N, N -tetramethylthiophosphoric diamide as thiation agents conversion of carboxamide into thiocarboxamides, alkyl dithiocarboxylates, or nitriles, Bull Soc. Chim. Belg., 1977, 86,321. 

Alkyl-substituted monoamides are known as extractants for the uranyl cation and they could potentially be considered as alternatives to organophosphorus compounds in nuclear fuel reprocessing. In toluene, the uranyl cation forms complexes with two monoamide molecules. These relatively simple molecules were selected for computer-aided design,14 taking into account a lot of synthetic and experimental work that must be done to prove the modeling predictions. 

Other organic compounds that have been determined in sewage effluents include the following (see Table 15.13) hydrocarbons, alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, chlorobenzenes, nitrosamines, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, nitriloacetic acid, organophosphorus compounds, linear alkyl benzene sulphonates, methyl mercaptan, polychlorobiphenyls and chlorinated insecticides. 

Product of reaction of ammonia with P2Os Organophosphorus compounds Tricresyl phosphate Alkyl phosphates Haloalkyl phosphates... 

Nonselective 1-D 1H-31P inverse NMR spectroscopic experiments have been applied for analysis of CWC-related organophosphorus compounds (38). With these experiments, the alkyl substituent at the phosphorus can be determined with a better sensitivity than in the 31P 1H experiment, and with elimination of strong background signals. 

Alkyl phosphorus compounds can be detected in serum by performing the cholinesterase determination on (a) a sample of normal serum, (b) the test serum, and (c) 10 p, of normal serum + 20 ul of test serum. If a low value is obtained from (b), this could be due to a low cholinesterase from liver disease or other causes. A value for (c) which is lower than the sum of the results from (a) and (b) indicates the presence of an inhibitor. Usually, in organophosphorus poisoning, the result from (c) is lower than that from (a). 

Organophosphorus compounds find wide use in the chemical industry as catalysts, intermediates, complexes, and end-use products. Arylphosphines and phosphine oxides are often produced by the reaction of a preformed Grignard reagent with a halophosphine or phosphine oxide. Yields are reduced by the production of unwanted side-reaction products such as biaryls. These unwanted products are reduced when the reaction is conducted under Barbier conditions. When alkyl and aryl halides are reacted with magnesium metal, a trihalophosphine or phosphine oxide, a metal halide or amine catalyst, in THE benzene mixtures, at reflux, good yields of phosphines or phosphine oxides are obtained [74]. For example, triphenylphosphine can be prepared in a 97.2% yield from the reaction of bromobenzene, trichlorophosphine, magnesium metal, aluminum chloride, and sodium chloride in THF-benzene at 70 80 C. 

It is generally agreed that the extracted uranium species is U02(N03)2(TBP)2 in which, in contrast to the species extracted into ether, the extractant molecules are directly coordinated to the metal ion. The extraction of uranium(VI) by neutral organophosphorus compounds increases with the number of C—P bonds (as opposed to C—0—P bonds) and with the increased branching of the substituent alkyl groups, as would be expected from the effect of these changes on the electron-donor properties of the phosphoryl group. The extracted thorium(IV) complex has been formulated as Th(N03)4-2S and as Th(N03)4-3S,2 2 and its composition may depend to some extent on the conditions of extraction. The extraction of thorium (like that of... 

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