Alkyl groups classification

Fig. 11.7. Classification of sigmatropic shifts of alkyl groups with respect to basis set orbitals.

Amines are compounds in which one or more of the hydrogens of ammonia have been replaced by alkyl groups. Smaller amines are characterized by their fishy odors. Fermented shark, for example, a traditional dish in Iceland, smells exactly like trieth-ylamine. There are primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines. The classification depends on how many alkyl groups are bonded to the nitrogen. Primary amines have one alkyl group bonded to the nitrogen, secondary amines have two, and tertiary amines have three. 

Notice that the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen determines whether an amine is primary, secondary, or tertiary. For an alkyl halide or an alcohol, on the other hand, the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon to which the halogen or the OH is bonded determines the classification (Sections 2.4 and 2.6). 

Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Formula [RN(CH3)2CH2CH5j CHjCHjOSO,", R rep. alkyl groups derived from coconut oil... 

In this model the zero-order index is based on equation 14 as k = iA, where A is the number of atoms in the alkyl group and symmetry classification is based only on the alkyl group, not on the dimer version. The standard deviation is small enough to permit estimation of Taft steric values for groups for which no experimental data are available. 

Classification Substituted aromatic compd. Formula RC6H4SO3H, where R rep. the CIO-14 alkyl group... 

Classification Long chain diol Formula RCHOHCH2OH, R rep. C13-16 alkyl group... 

Classification Quaternary ammonium chloride Formula [R-N(CH3)2CH2CHOHCH2RTCr, where R rep. alkyl groups from coconut oil and R rep. hydrolyzed silk moiety... 

Synonyms 2-Hydroxy-1-propanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-(coco-alkyl)-, 3-hydrolyzed wheat protein, chlorides Protein hydrolysates, wheat germ, [3-(coco alkyl dimethylammonio)-2-hydroxypropyl], chlorides Classification Quaternary ammonium chloride Formula [RN(CH3)2CH2CHOHCH2RTCr, R=alkyl groups from coconut oil, R =hydrolyzed wheat protein moiety... 

C f[Ceca SA http //www.ceca.fr] Coco-ethyidimonium ethosulfate CAS 68308-64-5 EINECS/ELINCS 269-662-8 Synonyms Quaternary ammonium compds., coco alkyl ethyidimethyl, ethyl sulfates Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Formula [RN(CH3)2CH2CH3] CH3CH20S03 R rep. alkyl groups derived from coconut oil Uses Surfactant, antistat, hair conditioner in cosmetics... 

Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Formula [RN(CH3)3] "Cr, R rep. alkyl groups from coconut oil Properties Cationic Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Emulsifier dispersant corrosion inhibitor for oil field brines and HCI acidizing systems antistat and lubricant for syn. fibers, plastics bactericide fungicide disinfectant sanitizer antimicrobial, antistat, surfactant in cosmetics textile softener, antistat germicide (duckweed killer) for water treatment, petrol, industry... 

Cl 1-15 alkyl ether carboxylic acid Classification Organic acid Formula R(OCH2CH2)nOCH2COOH, R rep. Cl 1-15 alkyl group, avg. n = 6... 

Uses Surfactant in cosmetics Dihydroxyethyl C9-11 alkoxypropylamine oxide Synonyms Ethanol, 2,2 -iminobis-, N-[3-(C9-Cll-alkyloxy) propyl] derivs., N-oxides Classification Tertiary amine oxide Uses Surfactant in cosmetics Dihydroxyethyl Cl2-15 alkoxypropylamine oxide CAS 71486-82-3 EINECS/ELINCS 275-530-0 Synonyms Ethanol, 2,2 - iminobis-, N-[3-(C12-15-alkyloxy) propyl] derivs., N-oxides Classification Tertiary amine oxide Formula R0(CH2)3N(CH2CH20H)20, R = C12-15 alkyl group Properties Nonionic... 

Classification Tertiary amine salt Formula R-N(CH2CH20H)2 HCI, where R rep. alkyl groups derived from tallow Uses Surfactant in cosmetics Dihydroxyethyl tallowamine oleate CAS 68439-43-0 EINECS/ELINCS 270-404-1 Synonyms 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, compd. with N-tallow alkyl-2,2 - iminobis [ethanol] Definition Salt of dihydroxyethyl tallow amine and oleic acid Formula ... 

Classification Sec. aliphatic amine Formula R2NH, R rep. soy alkyl groups Uses Emulsifier surfactant for industrial and personal care use... 

Synonyms Amines, (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl, oxides Hydrogenated tallow dimethyl amine oxide Classification Tertiary amine oxide Formula RN(CH3)2 O, R rep. the alkyl groups derived from hydrogenated tallow Uses Antistat, surfactant, detergent, foam stabilizer, hair conditioner in cosmetics Trade Name Synonyms Aromox DMHT [Akzo Nobel Surf. Chem. 

Uses Antistat, surfactant in cosmetics Manuf./Distrib. Amyl http //www.amyi.com Myristyl/cetyl amine oxide Synonyms Amines, N-(C14-C16-alky I )-N,N-dimethyl-, N-oxides N,N-Dimethyl-1-my risty I am i ne/cety I am i ne-N -oxi de Classification Aliphatic amine oxide Formula R(CH3)2N O, R rep. mixt. of myristyl and cetyl alkyl groups... 

Synonyms Methyl POE (15) coco ammonium chloride PEG-15 coco methyl ammonium chloride POE (15) cocomonium chloride Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Formula [RNCH3(CH2CH20)yH(CH2CH20)xHrcr, R = alkyl groups from coconut oil, avg. (x+y) = 15 Properties Cationic... 

Dehnition PEG ester of tallow acid Formuia RCO(OCH2CH2)nOH, R rep. alkyl groups from tallow, avg. n = 20 Uses Emulsifier in cosmetics PEG-5 tallow benzonium chloride Synonyms POE (5) tallow benzonium chloride Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Uses Antistat, surfactant in cosmetics PEG-3 tallow diamine CAS 90367-25-2 Properties Cationic... 

Trade Name Synonyms Quat-Wheat SDMA-30 [Arch Personal Care Prods. http //www. archchemicals, com] Soyethyidimonium ethosulfate CAS 68308-67-8 EINECS/ELINCS 269-663-3 Synonyms Quaternary ammonium compounds, ethyidimethylsoya alkyl, ethyl sulfates Soya dimethyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate Soyaethyidimonium ethosulfate Classification Quaternary ammonium compd. Formula [RN(CH3)2CH2CH3] CH3CH2QS03 . R rep. alkyl groups from soy Properties Cationic... 

Tallow dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Tallowalkonium chloride Tallow dimethyl glycine. See Tallow betaine Tallowdimonium propyltrimonium dichloride CAS 68607-29-4 EINECS/ELINCS 271-762-1 Synonyms N,N,N, N, N -Pentamethyl-N-tallow alkyl-1,3-propanediammonium dichloride Quaternary ammonium compds., pentamethyltallow alkyltrimethylenedi-, dichlorides N-Tallow pentamethyl propane diammonium dichloride Classification Quaternary ammonium salt Formula [RN(CH3)2(CH2)3N(CH3)3] 2CI", R rep. alkyl groups from tallow Uses Detergent corrosion inhibitor metal cleaner emulsifier for sec. oil recovery antistat, emulsifier, surfactant in cosmetics Trade Name Synonyms Jet Quat DT-50 t[Witco/Oleochems. Derive. ]... 

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