Tallow amine

Longer-chain amines, ie, arachidyl—behenyl (C2Q to C22) amines, are used ia special cases ia which brine temperatures exceed 35°C. At temperatures higher than ambient, normal tallow amine tends to dissolve and therefore is unavailable to coat the surfaces of the potassium chloride crystals. Amine consumption is from 50 g/1 (ca 40 wt % KCl) of high grade ore, to 150 g/1 (ca 20 wt % KCl) of low grade ore. 

Flotation. Tallow amines contain small amounts of short-chain compounds, eg, the octyl, lauryl, and myristyl (C ) groups. These amines usually produce enough froth for the flotation. Small quantities of specialized synthetic alcohols, eg, Dowfroth P, are frequentiy added to the flotation system to supplement the natural frothers. The quantities of the reagents used ia potash flotation plants are Hsted ia Table 5. 

Collector sterylamine acetate works well on smithsonite, but not as well on calamine. When smithsonite is present in the ore, better results are achieved using a tallow amine emulsion with elevated additions of fuel oil emulsion. 

Rhodameen (Series) Ethoxylated tallow amine (35) Rhodia Chimie Corp. 

A typical formulation for a cationic asphalt emulsion calls for 0.5% tallow amine emulsifier and 70% asphalt, the rest consisting of water and water-soluble ingredients. How much asphalt can be emulsified per pound of emulsifier ... 

The amines used are typically coco or tallow amines although others can be used for specialities. The major producer is probably Akzo Nobel with their Ethomeen range, which is shown in Table 5.6. 

Alcohols and aldehydes are also suitable materials for the creation of an alkyl amine. In addition to the aforementioned formation of alkyl chloride as an intermediate, alcohols can be directly converted to amines under hydrogenation conditions in the presence of ammonia while aldehydes are prereacted to form imine followed by hydrogenation [13]. Selectivity of the primary amine with these techniques is difficult and this process is more typically utilized for the preparation of tertiary amines where the reaction can be driven to completion. In certain cases, alcohols and aldehydes provide structural elements which are not attainable from natural sources. An example is the formation of a hydrogenated tallow 2-ethyl hexyl amine. The amine is prepared as shown below in eqn 6.1.8 using a hydrogenated tallow amine reacted with 2-ethyl hexanal [14, 15] ... 

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