Alkaloids terpenoid indole

L-tyrosine Tyrosine-derived alkaloids Indole alkaloids Quinoline alkaloids /3-carboline alkaloids Pyrroloindole alkaloids Ergot alkaloids Iboga alkaloids Corynanthe alkaloids Aspidosperma alkaloids Protoalkaloids Terpenoid indole alkaloids True alkaloids... 

When plants undergo various stresses, certain secondary metabolites, including defense compounds, accumulate. Several secondary metabolites such as terpenoid indole alkaloids, indole glucosinolate, nicotine alkaloids, and polyamines are known to accumulate through the induction of biosynthetic genes by jasmonates.898-900 MeJA also induces genes involved in the formation of tryptophan derivatives, terpenoid indole alkaloids.901 These compounds are known to be involved in defense response to pathogen attack as phytoalexins. 

Several reviews have appeared, on such topics as steroid and terpenoid biogenesis, hemiterpenoid alkaloids,indole alkaloids (monoterpenoids), ophiobolins (sesterterpenoids), sterols in Digitalis, oestrogens, plant tri-terpenoids, and carotenoids. ... 

Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids.—Monoterpenes have been the subject of a comprehensive review which includes these alkaloids. Indole alkaloids have been classified according to their biogenesis and another review discusses the application of tritium labelling in biosynthetic studies on these alkaloids as well as several others. 

International free name for methyl 18-0-(3,4,5-tri-methoxybenzoyO-reserpate, Cj3H4 209> Mr 608.69 prismatic, cryst., decomp, at 265 C, soluble in chloroform, poorly soluble in water, LD50 (mouse i.v.) 20 mg/kg (dog i. v.) 0.5 mg/kg (rat p.o.) 420 mg/kg. R. is a Rauvolfia alkaloid ( indole alkaloids, mono-terpenoid indole alkaloids) from the roots of the Indian Rauvolfia serpentina, the Mexican R. heterophylla, and the Australian Alstonia constricta. 

FIGURE 1.8 L-tryptophan, with its aromatic side chain, is a precursor of indole, terpenoid indole, quinoline, pyrroloindole, and ergot alkaloids. 

Alkaloids of Terpenoid Origin (excepting indole alkaloids and ergot alkaloids)... 

Information is needed regarding the biosynthesis and catabolism of alkaloids in each taxon if scientists are going to gather some meaningful information on the chemotaxonomy of the distribution of alkaloids. An example is provided by the closely related iridoid compounds, which include methylcyclopentane monoterpenoid alkaloids and indole alkaloids (Hegnauer, 1967 Waller, 1969 Gross, 1969 Bisset, 1975). They present a rather complicated picture of alkaloid (and terpenoid) distribution among many families. ... 

Catharanthus roseus, biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids in, 49, 222 (1997) Celastraceae alkaloids, 16, 215 (1977)... 

This structural group of indole alkaloids covers simple indole alkaloids (e.g., tryptamine, serotonin, psilocin and psilocybin), /3-carboline alkaloids (e.g., harmine), terpenoid indole (e.g., ajmalicine, catharanthine and tabersonine), quinoline alkaloids (e.g., quinine, quinidine and cinchonidine), pyrroloindole... 

Marini-Bettolo GB, Nicoletti M, Messana I, Patamia M, Galeffi C, Oguakwa JU, Port-alone G, Vaciago A. Research on African Medicinal Plants - IV. Boonein, a New C-9 Terpenoid Lactone from Alstonia boonei A Possible Precursor in the Indole Alkaloid Biogenesis. Tetrahedron 1983 39(2) 323-329. 

Geerlings A, Martinez-Lozano Ibanez M, Memelink J, van der Heijden R, Verpoorte R (2000) The strictosidine 6-D-glucosidase gene from Catharanthus roseus is regulated coordinately with other terpenoid-indole alkaloid biosynthetic genes and the encoded enzyme is located in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 275 3051-3056... 

More than 3000 terpenoid indole alkaloids are recognized, making this one of the major groups of alkaloids in plants. They are found mainly in... 

Further variants on the terpenoid indole alkaloid skeleton (Figure 6.82) are found in ibogaine from Tabemanthe iboga, vincamine from Vinca minor, and ajmaline from Rauwolfia serpentina. Ibogaine is simply a C9 Iboga type alkaloid, but is of interest as an experimental drug to treat heroin addiction. In a number of European countries, vincamine is used clinically as a vasodilator to increase cerebral blood flow in cases of senility, and ajmaline for cardiac arrhythmias. Ajmaline... 

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