Tyrosine alkaloids derived from

Table 9. Alkaloids Derived from Tyrosine as a Ce-C, Fragment and Phenylalanine as a Ce-C3 Fragment...

SyCONH, OMe rVCN ALKALOIDS DERIVED FROM TYROSINE... 

Halogenated alkaloids derived from tyrosine represent an enormous and extraordinarily diverse collection of compounds, mostly sponge metabolites [1]. As expected. 

Schiitte, H. R., Liebisch, H. W. Alkaloids derived from tyrosine and phenylalanine. In Biochemistry of Alkaloids (K. Mothes, H. R. Schiitte, M. Luckner, eds.), Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1985... 

Alkaloids Derived from Tyrosine Modified C Benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids ... 

Secondary metabolites are produced by plants in response to biotic or abiotic interactions with their environment and confer protection through a variety of antimicrobial, pesticidal, and pharmacological properties. Alkaloids are a class of plant secondary metabolites that traditionally have been classified as basic compounds derived firom amino acids that contain one or more heterocyclic nitrogen atom. About 20 % of plant species accumulate alkaloids, which are mostly derived from amino acids, e.g., phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and lysine. The alkaloids are popular for their medicinal importance. The pharmaceutically important representatives of secondary metabolites are mostly alkaloids derived from tyrosine. In this chapter, we summarized the prior information, basic knowledge about the alkaloids, origin, physicochemical properties, uses, classification, biosynthetic reactions, and distribution of tyrosine-derived alkaloids especially opium alkaloids and their biosynthetic pathways in plants. We have also reviewed different web resources related to alkaloids and secondary metabolic pathway databases such as KEGG. 

Alkaloids derived from tyrosine include phenylethylamine alkaloids, simple tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, and modified benzyl tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. The chemistry of Erythrina and related alkaloids from 1996 to mid-2009 has been reviewed, with a particular focus on the preparation of Erythrina alkaloids possessing an aromatic D ring [13]. 

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