Alkali salt solutions

Alkali salt solutions are aqueous solutions of sodium or potassium salts. They, too, are chemical solvents, reacting with H2S and CO2 as follows (e.g., for K2CO3) ... 

Bayer Co.2 seek to avoid this latter inconvenience by reducing nitrobenzene, suspended in aqueous alkaline or alkali-salt solutions, in the presence of such metallic cathodes, or the addition of such metallic salts, whose oxides are soluble in caustic alkali,—for instance lead, zinc, tin, or their salts. The yields of azobenzene obtained by this method are said to be... 

The validity of the description of this patented procedure was also challenged on the grounds that molybdic oxide needs to be present in the plated film for the conversion to take place. It is interesting, therefore, that C E Vest introduced an important modification to the process in order to electrodeposit molybdenum trioxide instead of molybdenum metal when studying the application of the technique to the lubrication of spacecraft components. Vest s modification was to use a mixed plating bath of molybdenum trioxide in an alkali salt solution such as ammonium formate. The component being coated formed the cathode, and the molybdenum was probably present in the bath in the form of ammonium molybdate. 

Properties Yellow, fibrous mass. Insoluble in water, dilute acids, alkalies, salt solutions, and alcohol. Is partially digested by pepsin solution and wholly by trypsin. 

Phenol formaldehyde Pigmented Strong acid to weak alkali Salt solutions Cooling water Gases Organic liquids... 

The remaining information in this section has been collected from many sources and is classified as resistance to atmospheric conditions, acids, alkalis, salt solutions (including waters), and miscellaneous media. 

The polymers are stable in aqueous inorganic acids, alkalis, salt solutions, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and paraffin oils, are transparent, capable of steam sterilization, and free from taste and smell. They should not... 

SUicone rubber is very resistant to ageing and oxidation. It shows a very high permeability to gas and water vapour, which significantly reduces the pharmaceutical usefulness. Silicone rubber is very resistant to a wide range of chemicals. It is resistant to weak acids and alkali, salt solutions and mono- or multivalent alcohols and phenols. However, it is not resistant to strong acids and bases. In low molecular solvents (ketones, esters, aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons) a reversible swelling of the elastomer occurs. Many preservatives and active substances are strongly adsorbed into silicone rubber. 

In Fig. 3, a selection of experimental Isotherms corresponding to the g-)l-curves of the right part of Fig. 2 is shown for NaCl-H20 (B). A portion of the critical curve is shown for this system and it is reasonable to assume, that it is of the uninterrupted type and will eventually extend to the critical point of pure NaCl, which has not yet determined but will very probably be above 2000 C. It follows from Fig. 3, that even above the critical temperature of pure water and at pressures readily available, homogeneous fluid phases with much more than 10 weight percent NaCl can exist over a wide range of conditions. This is undoubtedly true for other alkali salts. Solutions of this type exist as hydrothermal fluids within the earth s crust and can possibly be used for practical purposes too. Many other aqueous systems, however, exhibit interrupted critical curves and different behavior. An example is the Si02-H20-system ( ). 

An especially compounded hydraulic type mortar. Resistant to chemical attack by acids, alkalies, salt solutions, and organic solvents. Not recommended for handling strong acids or concentrated alkalies. 

Plastics are — with few exceptions — hard or impossible to wet with water they are hydrophobic. This behavior explains their relatively good resistance to other inorganic substances, such as acids, alkalis, salt solutions, and others. 

Polyether sulfone (PES) and polyaryl sulfone (PAS) comprise a class of engineering thermoplastics with high thermal, oxidative, and hydrolytic stability and a good resistance to aqueous mineral acids, alkali, salt solutions, oils and greases, whereas polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has attractive properties like good abrasion resistance, low flammability and emission of smoke and toxic... 

Postoronko, A. I., Budarina, N. V., and Dotsenko, V. M. (1985). Dissolving Gypsum Encrustations in Calcium Chloride Evaporators Processing Alkali-Salt Solutions. Vopr. Khim. Tekhnol. 79,100-102. Riedel, G., Voight, C., Werner, H., and Heubner, U. (1999). Corrosion Studies on Heat Exchanger Tubes for Waste Water Evaporators. Mater. Corros. 50(8), 452-462. 

Resistant to oil, petrol, dilute acids and alkalis, salt solutions, not resistant to hot water and hot steam (hydrolysis)... 

---