Bloom, algal

Eutrophication of Natural Waters and Toxic Algal Blooms... 

The nature of the conditions of intensive production, however, can increase the risk of diseases and infections which can spread very rapidly and devastate large numbers of animals." Thus it is common practice for producers of poultry to add coccidiostats to their diets and vaccines to their drinking water in order to prevent coccidiosis and other infectious diseases such as bronchitis and Newcastle disease. A similar problem exists for intensively reared fish, where it is necessary to add antibiotics to their diets. A problem with intensively reared fish is that their diet is added directly into the water in which they live thus drugs and other additives in the diet are relatively easily dispersed into the local environment of fish farms, where they can increase bacterial resistance and also cause problems such as algal blooms. 

L. Bowling, The Cyanobacterial (Bine-Green Algal) Bloom in the DarlingJBarwon River System,... 

Discovery of Poisoning by Fresh Water Algal Blooms and Signs of Toxicity... 

Algal blooms in fresh water ponds occasionally poison livestock and waterfowl. Axenic cultures of Anabaena flos-aquae NRC 44-1 were shown to produce the toxic principle (5) which can be present in the algae and in the water of mature cultures (6). The discovery of the toxin was fortuitous in the sense that AChR agonists do not have a (known) constructive function in the algae evolution of the synthetic pathway was likely a by-product of metabolic pathways in the algae. The compound became evident only through its toxic effects on other organisms. 

Algal blooms, See Freshwater algal blooms Altera scripta, 126... 

Pickhardt PC, Folt CL, Chen CY, Klaue B, Blum JD. 2002. Algal blooms reduce the uptake of toxic methyhnercury in freshwater food webs. Proc Nat Acad Sci 99 4419 1423. 

Facts About Cyanobacteria Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms." Undated. 

Friedman, Melissa A., and Bonnie E. Levin. "Neurobehavioral Effects of Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Toxins A Critical Review." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 11 (2005) 331-38. 

Increased algal bloom duration in treated ponds, possibly due to loss of grazing fauna (Butcher et al. 1977)... 

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