Ageing process plasma

Plasma zinc levels are commonly decreased in the elderly (Gil). These authors reported mean ( SD) plasma levels in normal young adults at 12.7 ( 1.4) mmol/liter versus 10.5 ( 4.7) mmol/liter in the elderly intracellular levels (neutrophils) were 1.26 ( 0.28) and 0.95 ( 0.26) nmol/mg protein, respectively. This deficiency is most often due to lack of dietary lean meat, poultry, and fish. As a result, zinc intake is frequently less than the minimum recommended intake of 15 mg/day. Moreover, Zn deficiency is particularly common in individuals with diabetes mellitus, liver and renal diseases, malabsorption, alcohol abuse, and those taking diuretic medications (K13). Interestingly, many of the signs and symptoms of Zn deficiency are the same as those often attributed to the aging process (Table 3). 

Recent investigations of the reactivation of OP-inhibited CaE have suggested that it may be possible to increase its potential as an OP scavenger by exploiting its turnover of OP compounds. Maxwell et al. observed that OP-inhibited CaE does not undergo the aging process that prevents oxime reactivation of OP-inhibited cholinesterases, while Jokanovic et al. found that OP-inhibited CaE from plasma... 

Q < 50°) for 12 months. The aging effect is illustrated in Fig. 9-28 for the case of plasma-treated polyimide fluoroplastic film. As one can see from the figure, restoration of the wettability contact angle 0 takes place mostly during the first 10 days, and then the aging process slows down. 

A decline in immune response is almost a concomitant of the aging process in animals and in humans, with the most significant effect on ceU-mediated immunity, through a decrease in the number of T lymphocytes and also changes in T ceU surface receptors. The effects of pyridoxine supplanents on lymphocyte responses in elderly persons were studied. Lymphocyte proliferative response to both T and B cell antigens were reduced, and lymphocytes subpopulations were angmented in the vitamin Bg-supplemented group and correlated with plasma PLP levels (84). 

NF Belkacemi, M Goldman, A Goldman. Surface evolution of PP submitted to eorona treatment or aging processes. Proc Int Symp on Plasma Chemistry, Leicestershire, 1993, pp 1210-1215. 

V. Jousseaume, N. Rochat, L. Favennec, O. Renault, and G. Passemard, Mechanical stress in PECVD a-SiC H aging and plasma treatments effects, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, vol. 7, no. 4—6, pp. 301-305, 2004. 

It Is evident that the surface structural changes resulting from reactions (8-16) will Increase the polarity of the film surface, but they may also reduce the density In the surface region. This may explain the rise InY and the decrease In Yg, as was observed for most aged plasma polymers. However, the deviations from this trend In some of the surface energy components noted for PP-AC, PP-AN, and PP-TFE are rather difficult to elucidate due to a great complexity of the aging process. 

Routine antioxidant vitamin supplementation, e.g. with vitamins C and/or E, of the diabetic diet should be considered. Vitamin C depletion is present in all diabetics irrespective of the presence of vascular disease. A recent study demonstrated no significant difference between the dietary intake of vitamin C (the main determinant of plasma ascorbate) in patients with diabetes and age-matched controls, confirming the view that ascorbate depletion is secondary to the diabetic process and su esting that diabetic patients require additional intakes of the vitamin to maintain optimal levels (Sinclair et /., 1994). Antioxidant supplementation may have additive beneficial effects on a wide variety of processes involved in diabetic vascular damage including blood pressure, immune function, inflammatory reactions. 

Any indigestible material within the lysosome is normally expelled through the plasma membrane, but as cells grow older, this process functions less effectively so that cells become loaded with unwanted Upid and protein, which is oxidised to produce a complex known as lipofuscin (an age pigment). Over many years, this can accumulate and impair... 

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