Aerospace Industries Association

Trade Associations. Trade association standards normally are developed through a consensus of technical people in the industry, although user input also may be used to arrive at a consensus. Examples of trade associations that have produced standards are the Aerospace Industries Association, the American Petroleum Institute, the Association of American Railroads, and the Manufacturing Chemists Association. Some trade associations find it advantageous to develop standards under the sponsorship of a standards organization such as ASTM (8). 

AIA Aerospace Industries Association APE Association of Plastics Fabricators... 

Several organizations, in particular the Aerospace Industries Association and the Wright Air Development Division, are currently working on the task of standardizing test procedures and equipment however, a solution does not appear imminent within the near future. 

Aerospace Industries Association, "Minutes of Meeting of Aircraft Research and Testing Committee Project 18-58, Liquid Oxygen Systems Cleanliness," Los Angeles (April 30, 1959 October 20, 1959 January 18, 1960 July 18, 1960). 

Aerospace Industries Association (AIA), http //www.aia-aerospace.org/ (accessed July 20, 2010). AIA is a trade association for U.S. aerospace and defense manufacturers whose goal is to promote aviation and aerospace activities. The site has many links to statistics and other resources. 

Andy Pasztor Christopher Conkey, Safety Pushes Stall at Embattled FAA, WSJ, June 26, 2008, at Ai Matthew L. Wald, Fatal Airplane Crashes Drop 65% Over 10 Years, NYT, October 1. 2007, at Ai Aerospace Industries Association, Marion C. Blakey, available at http //www.aia-aerospace.org/assets/mcb bio.pdf. 

Fault trees originated in the aerospace industry and have been used extensively by the nuclear power industry to qualify and quantify the hazards and risks associated with nuclear power plants. This approach is becoming more popular in the chemical process industries, mostly as a result of the successful experiences demonstrated by the nuclear industry. 

In 1989 the National Hydrogen Association (NHA) formed in the United States with ten members. Today, the NHA has nearly 100 members, including representatives from the automobile and aerospace industries, federal, state and local governments, and energy providers. 

As indicated earlier, in spite of a long history of association with the aerospace Industry, the products find only limited use in specific applications. The evolution of volatiles during the cure complicates the formation of intricate shapes. When cured, the resins are highly cross-linked and expectedly brittle. They also oxidize readily in air at elevated temperatures. The main areas of aerospace application as indicated are adhesives, ablatives, and carbon-carbon composites. 

The first specifications for adhesives were generated by the staff of NASA and the DoD who were prompted by the high reliability that was required of microcircuits used in aerospace programs. These specifications covered primarily die and substrate attachments for hermetically sealed integrated circuits, hybrid microcircuits, and multichip modules. Subsequently, with the increased use of surface-mount adhesives in the assembly of commercial printed-wiring boards and underfills for flip-chip devices, industry associations took the lead in generating the requirements and test methods. 

Recently, heavy coatings that act as sealants for crevices have been developed for the aircraft and aerospace industries. These coatings contain proprietary inhibitor formulations that are especially effective in minimizing corrosion associated with dissimilar metal fasteners (Moiseeva 2005). 

In addition to weapon systems, other early significant system safety efforts were associated with the aerospace industry, including civil and military aviation and the space program. 

A final property of interest is the level of standardization associated with products and processes. Standardization may help to achieve desirable properties that have been mentioned before, such as interoperability (Chap. 6). However, the effort to standardize comes with its own costs, and may impact the capability of an organization to respond to localized (i.e., non-standard) issues. Good examples are given by the global automotive and aerospace industries, where many standards have been developed and adopted to facilitate partial processes of CE with participation of IT vendors (see Sects. 6.5.1 and 21.6). The Code of PLM Openness (CPO) is a further initiative, which will facilitate global progress in standardization [36]. 

In contrast, the consumption of polyimides has increased in the electronic industry, especially for the fabrication of flexible circuitry and its associated tape automated bonding process. High level of adhesion and thermoplasticity are the prominent parameters for these applications. Compared to aerospace applications, electronics imposes new requirements because of the exposition to high temperatures that is generally fimited to short-time exposures at 350 to 400°C. In the aerospace industry, Larc-TPI performs well to bond Kapton to itself as to... 

Error control is the optimum level of control. Most organizations have some form of error control. However, the type of work activity and the work culture, along with the associated start-up costs of data collection and the need to employ well trained and competent staff, have limited the potential of error control. Some industries, such as the aerospace industry, are typical error control users. There are several software... 

The aerospace industry has recognized the major benefits associated with fiber-rein-forced composite materials [1]. The more popular techniques available for composite production are the traditional wet layup or autoclave and resin transfer molding. Efforts to further reduce processing time and improve part quality have focused on improved process control. To date, this has been based on off-line techniques. The need for online cure monitoring is widely recognized, and this will require the development of suitable in-mold sensors. The Engineering Composites Research Centre has investigated and concentrated on the specific problems encountered in the aerospace industry. 

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