Adaptive modeling

Brown, M. and Harris, C. (1994) Neurofuzzy Adaptive Modelling and Control, Prentice-Hall International (UK) Hemel Hempstead, UK. 

Finally, an adapted model is presented for the prevailing population of apple MHR having the highest molecular weight. The universal validity of this model for pectic hairy regions from other plant sources is discussed. 

Optimization sequence (experimental data, arbitrary units) Runs 1 and 2 are initial experiments. From run 3 to run 6 the amounts of A, B, G, and feed rate of G are fixed. These constraints are relaxed for runs 7 and 8. (Reprinted from Marchal-Brassely et al. (1992), Optimal operation of a semi-batch reactor by self-adaptive models for temperature and feed profiles . Copyright (1992), with permission from Elsevier Science). 

With their Models 763 and 764 microprocessor-controlled pH meter, Knick deliver and adapted Model 790 serial printer this yields in a simple way by means of an AC-synchronous clock and two adjustment knobs a hard copy of measurements at intervals of 2, 5, 10, 30 or 60 s or minutes printed out in a 32.5-mm rule of 12 positions on a small paper roll. 

How to judge the relevance of these asphericities Are they really compatible with the data or are they simply the biased result of an ill-adapted model The best way to answer this question is to use this result as a prior probability for a new MaxEnt reconstruction. The map thus obtained, which is given in Figure 4, is striking the... 

For the discrete bubble model described in Section V.C, future work will be focused on implementation of closure equations in the force balance, like empirical relations for bubble-rise velocities and the interaction between bubbles. Clearly, a more refined model for the bubble-bubble interaction, including coalescence and breakup, is required along with a more realistic description of the rheology of fluidized suspensions. Finally, the adapted model should be augmented with a thermal energy balance, and associated closures for the thermophysical properties, to study heat transport in large-scale fluidized beds, such as FCC-regenerators and PE and PP gas-phase polymerization reactors. 

Clearly, the incorporation of the cut and stick tailoring feature of projection operators into the resolvent-technique formulation, makes it a particularly adaptable modelling tool. Moreover, it enables the atomic structure of the geometric space to be reflected in the so-called site representation of the GF. 

B. Adaptive Model-Building with Diagnostic Parameters. 147... 

After years of experiments and the nonetheless effective use of these tools making it possible to refine and systematically optimise control of facilities, the tools due to increased performance and possibilities made available by software and other computer equipment, has been improved by increasing the calculation horizon, beyond two gas years by using adapted models (closer to classic reservoir models by taking into account a simplified physical representation). At the present stage with R D works still continuing, they now include more and more complexity (risk management, stochastic simulations, etc), and works are focused on ... 

MacKay, 1992] MacKay, D. (1992). Bayesian Methods for Adaptive Models. PhD thesis, Calif. Inst. Tech. 

Dayhoff, J.E., Hameroff, S.R., Lahoz-Beltra, R., et al. (1992) Intracellular mechanisms in neuronal learning adaptive models. International Jointt Conference on Neural Networks 173-178... 

After performing the kinetic analysis of the reacting system, the researchers possess suitable kinetic models of different complexity to be used to design and control the entire process. The more complex model should be used to design the reactor this subject is outside the purpose of this book and is only briefly considered in Sect. 7.4. On the contrary, in Chaps. 5 and 6 the kinetic model is used to design adaptive model-based control and fault diagnosis schemes for a class of reactions taking place in batch reactors. 

P.F. Tupper. Adaptive model reduction for chemical kinetics. BIT Numerical Mathematics, 42 447-465, 2002. 

Adaptive model-based scheme the adaptive model-based controller-observer scheme defined by (5.23)-(5.25) and (5.45)-(5.47) is adopted. 

Gains Model-free RB FI-based Model-based Adaptive model-based... 

It can be argued that the differences between the compared schemes are mainly due to the different estimation accuracy of the quantity aq (Fig. 5.6). It can be seen that, after the initial transient phase in which the model-free observers present an inverse response, both the adaptive (model-based and model-free) approaches achieve very good estimates. As for the parameter estimate, since both the adaptive observers (0O) and the controller (0C) estimates converge to the true value of 0 (see Fig. 5.7), it is possible to argue that the persistency of excitation condition is fulfilled. 

It can be concluded that the exponential stability property confers to the adaptive model-based scheme a satisfactory degree of robustness. Therefore, even in the presence of large model uncertainties, its performance is comparable with or better than that of model-free approaches. 

Figure 5.8 is referred to the performance of the PID controller. It can be recognized that the temperature tracking error is always below 0.5 K and is characterized by a very similar time history of the control input with respect to the previously tested schemes (Fig. 5.5). By comparing the results in Fig. 5.8 with those in Fig. 5.4, the adaptive model-based scheme presents better performance than the linear PID control, especially during the heating and cooling phases, i.e., when the reference temperature is not constant.

In this chapter an overview of the most widely adopted temperature control schemes for chemical batch reactors has been provided. Moreover, an adaptive model-based controller-observer approach has been proposed, analyzed, and compared to other approaches. 

In the case study, the adaptive model-based approach is designed on the basis of a reduced model of the phenol-formaldehyde reaction introduced in the Chap. 2. Noticeably, the results show that the model-based control scheme achieves very good performance even when a strongly simplified mathematical model of the reactive system is adopted for the design. 

M.A. Nuggehally et al Adaptive model selection procedure for concurrent multiscale problems. Int. J. Multiscale Comp. Eng. 5, 369-386 (2007)... 

Fig. 7 Climatic current vector fields in the Black Sea at a depth of a 0 m, b 300 m in March from adaptation modeling...

Fig. 9 Climatic current vector fields in the Black Sea at a depth of a 0 m, b 300 m in September from adaptation modeling. Inset in Fig. 9a climatic water salinity anomaly (negative shaded and dotted) relative sum of annual mean and 1-st EOF at a depth of 100 m in September...

Fig. 10 Vertical sections of the eastern component of the Black Sea climatic currents velocity (10-2 ms-1) from adaptation modeling a along 32°E in March, b along 32°E in September, c along 36.5°E in March, d along 36.5°E in September. Dashed lines westward velocity component, dotted lines isohalines (psu)...

Lima JJ, Krukenmyer JJ, Boudoulas H. Drug- or hormone-induced adaptation Model of adrenergic hypersensitivity. J Pharamacokinet Biopharm 1989 17 347-64. 

ABSTRACT Ttiis communication concerns the basic principles and formulation of a model for a circulating fluidised bed (CFB) biomass gasifier. The main problems are the lot of unknowns concerning the set of kinetic equations needed and the lack of data from commercial CFB biomass gasifiers to check the model. The reacting network to be used in the model is deeply analysed. It is concluded that a self learning or self Urning adaptive model is the best solution... 

Keywords Measurement-based optimization Real-time optimization Plant-model mismatch Model adaptation Model parameterization. 

ADAPT-LODI, developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The ADAPT model assimilates meteorological data provided by observations and models (in particular, by Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System [COAMPS ]) to construct the wind and turbulence fields. Particle positions are updated using a Lagrangian particle approach that uses a skewed (non-Gaussian) probability density function (Nasstrom et al. 1999 Ermak and Nasstrom 2000). 

Ermentrout, G. B. (1991) An adaptive model for synchrony in the firefly Pteroptyx malaccae. J. Math. Biol. 29, 571. 

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