Actinoplanes

Vancomycin, ristocetin A and teicoplanin are produced as fermentation products of Streptomyces orientalis, Nocardia lurida and Actinoplanes teichomyceticus, respectively. All three of these related compounds consist of an aglycone basket made up of fused macrocyclic rings and pendant carbohydrate moieties (Fig. 2-1). The macrocycles contain both ether and peptide linkages. The aglycones of vancomycin and teicoplanin contain two chloro-substituted aromatic rings, while the analogous portion of ristocetin A contains no chloro substituents. 

Leucomycin As Leucomycin V (4 -debutyrylleu- comydn) Actinoplanes mlssouriensis... 

Actinoplanes missouriensis Actinoplanes sp. Dactylosporangium variesporum Nocardia autotrophica Amycolatopsis orientalis Pseudonocardia autotrophica Saccharopolyspora erythrara Saccharopolyspora hirsuta Saccharothrix sp. 

Zmijewski, M., Gillespie, T.A., Jackson, D.A. etal. (2006) Application of biocatalysis to drug metabolism preparation of mammalian metabolites of a biaryl-bis-sulfonamide AMPA (a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid) receptor potentiator using Actinoplanes missouriensis. Drug Metabolism and Disposition The Biological Fate of Chemicals, 34, 925—931. 

Osorio-Lozada, A., Surapaneni, S., Skiles, G. and Subramanian, R. (2008) Biosynthesis of drug metabolites using microbes in hollow fiber cartridge reactors case study of diclofenac metabolism by Actinoplanes sp. Drug Metabolism and Disposition The Biological Fate of Chemicals, 36, 234-240. 

Teicoplanin (TE) is produced by certain strains of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus [28]. It is applied in the treatment of severe hospital-acquired infections caused by... 

The xylose isomerase DNA sequences from Bacillus subtilis (5), Escherichia coli (2,5), Streptomyces violaceoniger (4), and mAmpullariella sp., (6) were computer down-loaded from GenBank (Mountain View, CA). The sequence from Actinoplanes missouriensis (7) was typed into the computer twice. Discrepancies between the sequences were then compared to the original to produce a verified copy. Analysis of these sequences were performed using software developed by D. Mount and B. Conrad at the University of Arizona (Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biosciences West, Tucson AZ). 

Actinoplanes missouriensis, Length 394 1 VSVQATREDK FSFGLWTVGW QARDAFGDAT... 

Aretz W, Meiwes J, Seibert Q Vobis Ci Wink J. (2000) Frinlimicins novel lipopeptide antibiotics with peptidoglycan synthesis inhibiting activity from Actinoplanes Friuliensis sp nov. J Antibiot 53 807-815. 

Sergio S, Pirali G White R, Parenti F. (1975) Lipiarmycin, a new antibiotic from actinoplanes III mechanism of action. J Antibiot 28 543-549. 

Rey, F., Jenkins, J., Janin, J., Lasters, L, Alard, P., Claessens, M., Matthyssens, G., and Wodak, S. (1988). Structural analysis of the 2.8 A model of xylose isomerase from Actinoplanes rmssouriensis. Proteins Struct., Funct. Genet. 4, 165—172. 

A polycyclic xanthone 102, produced by a culture of an Actinoplanes sp., exhibits very potent antifungal activity against a variety of fungal pathogens including yeasts, dermatophytes, and Aspergillus [84]. 

Cavalleri B, Volpe G, Tuan G, Berti M, Parenti F (1978) A Chlorinated Phenylpyrrole Antibiotic from Actinoplanes. Curr Microbiol I 319... 

P, Puar MS (1997) Sch 54445 A New Polycyclic Xanthone with Highly Potent Antifungal Activity Produced by Actinoplanes sp. J Nat Prod 60 525... 

Tsukamoto M, Nakajima S, Murooka K, Suzuki H, Hirayama M, Egawa M, Kondo H, Kojiri K, Suda H (1999) BH-40665D, a New Antibacterial Antibiotic Produced by an Actinoplanes sp. J Antibiot 52 178... 

Wynands I, van Pee K-H (2004) A Novel Halogenase Gene from the Pentachloropseudilin Producer Actinoplanes sp. ATCC 33002 and Detection of In Vitro Halogenase Activity. FEMS Microbiol Lett 237 363... 

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